西北干旱生态地理区NDVI时空变化特征及其驱动力

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.548

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 951-962.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.548 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024548

西北干旱生态地理区NDVI时空变化特征及其驱动力

宋小龙¹(), 李陇堂²(), 任婕³, 吴月⁴, 王鹏², 米文宝², 马明德⁵

1.宁夏财经职业技术学院，宁夏银川 750021
2.宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院，宁夏银川 750021
3.宁夏社会科学院农村经济研究所，宁夏银川 750011
4.宁夏社会科学院文化研究所，宁夏银川 750011
5.北方民族大学管理学院，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2024-09-04 修回日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-06-18
通讯作者: 李陇堂（1959-），男，本科，教授，硕士生导师，主要从事旅游地理学研究. E-mail: lltang@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:宋小龙（1991-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事干旱半干旱地区生态环境、旅游资源开发与区域可持续发展研究. E-mail: sxlnxyc@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2024AAC05072)

Spatio-temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of NDVI in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China

SONG Xiaolong¹(), LI Longtang²(), REN Jie³, WU Yue⁴, WANG Peng², MI Wenbao², MA Mingde⁵

1. Ningxia Vocational and Technical College of Finance and Economics, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
2. School of Geographic Science and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
3. Institute of Culture, Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia, China
4. Institute of Rural Economy, Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia, China
5. School of Management, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China

Received:2024-09-04 Revised:2024-12-17 Published:2025-06-25 Online:2025-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 归一化植被指数（Normalized difference vegetation index，NDVI）是评估生态环境稳定性的重要指标，西北干旱生态地理区生态环境脆弱，分析其NDVI时空变化及其驱动力对该区域生态植被修复具有重要意义。基于气温、降水量、潜在蒸散发、高程、土壤、夜间灯光指数等多源数据集，采用变异系数、Theil-Sen median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验、地理探测器、多尺度地理加权回归（Mixed geographically weighted regression，MGWR）模型等方法，探究了2003—2022年中国西北干旱生态地理区的NDVI时空变化特征以及其驱动因素。结果表明：（1） 2003—2022年NDVI整体呈现出增加趋势，变化幅度在0.1974~0.2464之间。其中，NDVI最小值出现在2009年，NDVI最大值出现在2018年。（2）西北干旱生态地理区中，大部分区域的NDVI是处于较低水平，总体呈现出“东西高、中间低”的空间分布格局。（3）西北干旱生态地理区绝大部分地区的NDVI变化程度集中于低稳定性，整体上中部稳定性强，东西部稳定性弱。（4）西北干旱生态地理区NDVI大部分区域显示增大趋势，仅有少部分区域呈现出减少趋势。（5）西北干旱生态地理区NDVI时空变化受自然和人文的综合影响，土壤类型是主要驱动因子，各因子的交互作用对该区域产生影响，MGWR模型分析结果进一步验证了土壤类型对NDVI的作用强度最大，气温、潜在蒸散发呈负向效应，降水量、夜间灯光指数呈正向效应。

关键词: NDVI, 趋势分析, MGWR, 驱动力, 西北干旱生态地理区

Abstract:

The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is a crucial indicator for assessing the stability of the ecological environment. The ecological environment in northwest China’s arid and semi-arid regions is fragile, and analyzing the spatio-temporal changes and driving forces of NDVI is critical for effective vegetation restoration in this area. This study utilizes a variety of datasets, including temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration, elevation, soil, and nighttime lighting indices. Employing methodologies such as the coefficient of variation, Theil-Sen median trend analysis, the Mann-Kendall significance test, a geographic detector, and the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model, we explored the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and driving factors of NDVI in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China from 2003 to 2022. The results showed that (1) NDVI exhibited an overall increasing trend from 2003 to 2022, ranging from 0.1974 to 0.2464. The minimum NDVI value was recorded in 2009, whereas the maximum occurred in 2018. (2) Overall, NDVI levels in most areas of the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China are relatively low, displaying a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the east and west, low in the middle”. (3) Most areas experience low stability in NDVI changes, with the central region showing strong stability and the eastern and western regions displaying weak stability. (4) An increasing trend in NDVI was observed across most areas, with only a few regions showing a decline. (5) The spatiotemporal variation of NDVI in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China is influenced by both natural and human factors, with soil type serving as the primary driving factor. The interplay of various factors also affects the region. MGWR model analysis confirmed that soil type has the most significant effect on NDVI, with air temperature, potential evapotranspiration exerting negative effects, whereas precipitation, and nighttime light index have positive effects.

Key words: NDVI, trend analysis, MGWR, driving force, arid and semi-arid region of northwest China

宋小龙, 李陇堂, 任婕, 吴月, 王鹏, 米文宝, 马明德. 西北干旱生态地理区NDVI时空变化特征及其驱动力[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(6): 951-962.

SONG Xiaolong, LI Longtang, REN Jie, WU Yue, WANG Peng, MI Wenbao, MA Mingde. Spatio-temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of NDVI in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(6): 951-962.

图/表 10

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西北干旱生态地理区NDVI时空变化特征及其驱动力

Spatio-temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of NDVI in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China

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