干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1729-1739.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.090
石万鹏1,2,3(),李备1,3(),刘景涛1,3,卓子钧1,2,陈玺1,3
收稿日期:
2022-03-08
修回日期:
2022-04-06
出版日期:
2022-11-25
发布日期:
2023-02-01
通讯作者:
李备(1990-),男,助理研究员,主要从事水文地质环境地质研究等方面研究. E-mail: 作者简介:
石万鹏(1998-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水循环与水质演替等方面研究. E-mail: 基金资助:
SHI Wanpeng1,2,3(),LI Bei1,3(),LIU Jingtao1,3,ZHUO Zijun1,2,CHEN Xi1,3
Received:
2022-03-08
Revised:
2022-04-06
Online:
2022-11-25
Published:
2023-02-01
Contact:
Bei LI
摘要:
青藏高原受气候变化影响,干湿过渡状况不断扩大,凝结水是旱区重要的水分补给来源,研究凝结水对青藏高原生态具有重要意义。为探究凝结水在青藏高原的形成特征以及影响凝结水形成因素,选取近年来受气候影响较大的可可西里盐湖地区作为研究区,使用微型蒸渗仪探究其0~10 cm土壤水分蒸发凝结特征,并利用相关回归分析、主成分分析探究影响凝结水形成因素。结果表明:(1) 在14:00—次日14:00期间,气温和土层温度均呈现出先减小后增大的变化趋势,0~10 cm土壤在00:00—10:00内有明显土壤凝结水形成,而在其余时间水量蒸发明显。大气水汽和土壤深层水汽组成土壤凝结水的比例约为1:3。当夜间近地空气相对湿度大于64%,近地气温小于3.8 ℃,5 cm土层温度低于4.1 ℃,有利于土壤凝结水的形成,平均水量可达0.2 mm·d-1。(2) 相关分析表明土壤总凝结水量与5 cm土层温度和5~30 cm土层温度差呈显著负相关,而且凝结水量与相关因子的线性拟合效果较好;大气水汽凝结水量与气温呈现显著负相关,与相对湿度呈现显著正相关。主成分分析结果显示0~10 cm以上土层微气象因子对凝结水形成因素较大。
石万鹏, 李备, 刘景涛, 卓子钧, 陈玺. 可可西里土壤凝结水形成特征及其影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(6): 1729-1739.
SHI Wanpeng, LI Bei, LIU Jingtao, ZHUO Zijun, CHEN Xi. Formation characteristics and factors effecting of condensation waterin surface soil in Hoh Xil area[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1729-1739.
表3
凝结水量与微气象因子的相关性"
QT | XF | T | RH | ST5 | SH5 | ST10 | SH10 | ST20 | SH20 | ST30 | SH30 | SH50 | ST5-30 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QT | 1.000 | |||||||||||||
XF | 0.260 | 1.000 | ||||||||||||
T | -0.454 | -0.826* | 1.000 | |||||||||||
RH | 0.629 | 0.815* | -0.969** | 1.000 | ||||||||||
ST5 | -0.972** | -0.269 | 0.505 | -0.644 | 1.000 | |||||||||
SH5 | 0.427 | 0.492 | -0.700 | 0.764 | -0.375 | 1.000 | ||||||||
ST10 | -0.791 | 0.355 | -0.061 | -0.092 | 0.800 | -0.005 | 1.000 | |||||||
SH10 | -0.495 | -0.660 | 0.851* | -0.857* | 0.449 | -0.626 | 0.018 | 1.000 | ||||||
ST20 | -0.568 | 0.634 | -0.396 | 0.241 | 0.545 | 0.174 | 0.935** | -0.246 | 1.000 | |||||
SH20 | 0.405 | -0.429 | -0.101 | 0.092 | -0.463 | 0.015 | -0.679 | -0.255 | -0.613 | 1.000 | ||||
ST30 | -0.467 | 0.706 | -0.448 | 0.326 | 0.476 | 0.278 | 0.907* | -0.334 | 0.985** | -0.655 | 1.000 | |||
SH30 | -0.211 | 0.406 | 0.081 | -0.057 | 0.343 | -0.237 | 0.500 | -0.136 | 0.452 | -0.665 | 0.523 | 1.000 | ||
SH50 | -0.063 | -0.795 | 0.663 | -0.588 | 0.053 | -0.136 | -0.413 | 0.742 | -0.629 | 0.182 | -0.668 | -0.586 | 1.000 | |
ST5-30 | -0.888* | -0.628 | 0.777 | -0.880* | 0.915* | -0.553 | 0.491 | 0.662 | 0.167 | -0.225 | 0.082 | 0.150 | 0.366 | 1.000 |
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