祁连山青海云杉林动态监测样地土壤pH和养分的空间异质性

干旱区地理 ›› 2015, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1179-1189.

祁连山青海云杉林动态监测样地土壤pH和养分的空间异质性

赵维俊^1,2,3, 刘贤德^1,2,3, 徐丽恒⁴, 张学龙^1,2,3, 敬文茂^2,3, 王顺利^2,3, 牛赟^2,3, 马剑^2,3

1. 甘肃农业大学林学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院甘肃省森林生态与冻土水文水资源重点实验室, 甘肃张掖 734000;
3. 甘肃张掖生态科学研究院甘肃省祁连山生态科技创新服务平台, 甘肃张掖 734000;
4. 庆阳市林业局, 甘肃庆阳 745000

收稿日期:2015-02-05 修回日期:2015-04-17 出版日期:2015-11-25
通讯作者: 刘贤德(1963-),男,甘肃酒泉人,博士生导师,研究员,主要从事森林生态和森林经营管理研究.E-mail:liuxiande666@163.com
作者简介:赵维俊(1981-),男,甘肃靖远人,博士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事森林生态研究.E-mail:zhaoweijun1019@126.com
基金资助:
国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201104009-08);甘肃省基础研究创新群体课题(145RJIG337)共同资助

Spatial heterogeneity of soil pH and nutrients of a dynamical monitoring plot of Picea Crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains

ZHAO Wei-jun^1,2,3, LIU Xian-de^1,2,3, XU Li-heng⁴, ZHANG Xue-long^1,2,3, JING Wen-mao^2,3, WANG Shun-li^2,3, NIU Yun^2,3, MA Jian^2,3

1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China;
2. Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources of Forest Ecology and Frozen Soil of Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China;
3. Academy of Ecology Science of Zhangye, Gansu Science and Technology Innovation Service Platform of Ecology in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China;
4. Forestry Bureau of Qingyang City, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China

Received:2015-02-05 Revised:2015-04-17 Online:2015-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨青海云杉林对土壤pH和养分的影响,选择祁连山青海云杉林动态监测样地(340 m×300 m)为试验样地采集土样,利用经典统计学和地统计学方法对其空间异质性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)pH、水解氮和全磷为弱变异性,有机碳、全氮、速效磷、全钾和速效钾为中等变异性,它们的大小依次为速效钾 >有机碳 >速效磷 >全氮 >全钾 >水解氮 >全磷 >pH。(2)半方差最优模型拟合分析表明,pH、全氮、水解氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾均符合球状模型,有机碳和全钾均符合指数模型;pH、有机碳、全氮、水解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾和速效钾的变程依次为108.8 m、88.5 m、112.8 m、131.9 m、143.3 m、73.3 m、73.3 m和134.7 m。从空间结构特征看,pH具有中等强度的空间自相关,而养分表现出强烈的空间自相关。(3)pH和养分均呈斑块状分布,有机碳和氮素具有相似的空间分布格局,全磷和速效钾分布变化较为明显,速效磷和全钾分布变化较为平缓。上述研究结果可为祁连山青海云杉林土壤pH和养分的取样设计和空间分布图制作等提供参考,也可为青海云杉林的土壤环境恢复与重建提供科学依据。

关键词: 青海云杉林, 土壤pH, 土壤养分, 空间异质性, 地统计学, 祁连山

Abstract: In order to discuss the impact of Picea crassifolia forest on the soil pH and nutriments,the experimental places were selected in a dynamical monitoring sample plot(340 m×300 m)of Picea crassifolia forest in Dayekou Basin of the Qilian Mountains. The soil sampling was collected based on grid(20 m×20 m)method in August 2012. By using the method of classical statistics coupled with geostatistical techniques such as semivariogram, kriging interpolation,and spatial distribution maps,the spatial heterogeneity of soil pH and nutrients were studied in this paper. The experimental results showed as follows:Soil pH,hydrolyze nitrogen and total phosphorus showed small variation; soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium showed moderate variation;and the variation intensity of soil pH and nutrients showed:available potassium(29.68%) >organic carbon(19.81%) > available phosphorus(19.37%) > total nitrogen(18.08%) > total potassium(15.58%) > hydrolyze nitrogen(8.18%) > total phosphorus(6.77%) > pH(2.52%). Parameters of theoretical variogram models showed that soil pH,total nitrogen,hydrolyze nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium all fitted spherical model,while organic carbon and total potassium can be best described by exponential model;variation of soil pH,organic carbon,total nitrogen,hydrolyze nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium are 108.8 m,88.5 m,112.8 m,131.9 m,143.3 m,73.3 m,73.3 m and 134.71 m,respectively. In terms of spatial structure,soil pH showed moderate spatial autocorrelation,this was resulted from both soil structural factors and random factors,and soil nutrients showed high spatial autocorrelation,which was greatly affected by structural factors. Soil pH and nutrients presented patch distribution. Distribution of pH showed that soil is mainly alkaline; organic carbon and nitrogen has similar spatial distribution pattern; soil total phosphorus and available potassium distribution changes are more obvious; changes of available phosphorus and total potassium contents are relatively moderate. The study results can provide not only references for sampling design and spatial distribution of soil pH and nutrients of Picea crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains,but also a scientific basis for soil environment recovery and reconstruction of Picea crassifolia forest.

Key words: Picea crassifolia forest, soil pH, soil nutrient, spatial heterogeneity, geostatistical, Qilian Mountains

中图分类号:

S714.2

赵维俊, 刘贤德, 徐丽恒, 张学龙, 敬文茂, 王顺利, 牛赟, 马剑. 祁连山青海云杉林动态监测样地土壤pH和养分的空间异质性[J]. 干旱区地理, 2015, 38(6): 1179-1189.

ZHAO Wei-jun, LIU Xian-de, XU Li-heng, ZHANG Xue-long, JING Wen-mao, WANG Shun-li, NIU Yun, MA Jian. Spatial heterogeneity of soil pH and nutrients of a dynamical monitoring plot of Picea Crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains[J]. , 2015, 38(6): 1179-1189.

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