兰州市主城区路网形态对城市活力的影响分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.450

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

便捷发达的交通有利于提升城市活力，从而促进城市的高质量发展。为深入挖掘城市活力变化机理，以兰州市主城区为例，基于路网形态和地理大数据，使用空间设计网络分析方法和地理加权回归模型分析路网对城市活力的影响。结果表明：（1）城市活力随着路网向外逐渐降低，变化规律与路网接近度呈现高度一致性。（2）在提升兰州市主城区城市活力方面，穿行度作用较为微弱，但有利于发挥兰州市在兰西城市群中的联通作用。（3）街道和城区的衔接处和边缘接近度较高，黄河两岸城市活力值受地理限制存在较强的差异性。（4）路网形态布局合理的地区往往会吸引更多的商业和服务活动，具有更大的市场潜力和更多的经济机会。研究结果可以明确路网形态对城市活力的影响，为兰州市主城区提升城市活力提供参考，有助于促进城市活力的提升。

关键词: 路网形态, 城市活力, 路网拓扑结构, 地理加权回归模型, 空间设计网络分析, 空间异质性

Abstract:

Flexible transportation is conducive to enhancing urban vitality and thus drives the high-quality development of cities. In order to characterize urban vitality in a more practical way, the impact of its influencing factors such as road network morphology, the spatial heterogeneity of these factors, and its mechanisms of change must be explored to provide a basis for future planning and lay a theoretical foundation for further urban vitality improvement. This paper uses the raster calculator in ArcGIS to quantify the city of Baidu’s population heat map and characterize its urban vitality. Based on road network morphology and geographic big data, sDNA is used to calculate the topological structure index of the road network, and the GWR model is used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of road network morphology and other factors on urban vitality. sDNA emphasizes the integration and coordination of the urban transportation network. It can better reflect actual traffic location and has advantages in the analysis of multi-level traffic networks. The GWR model can explore the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of urban vitality influencing factors. The results demonstrate the following. (1) Urban vitality gradually decreases as the road network spreads outward, and the change rule is highly consistent with the network quantity penalized by euclidean distace (NQPDE). (2) Two phase betweenness has little effect on improving the urban vitality of Lanzhou City, but it plays a key node and connectivity role in the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration. (3) The NQPDE value of the intersection and edge of the street and the city are high, but the urban vitality values on both sides of the Yellow River are markedly different due to geographical restrictions. For areas with relatively low urban vitality, the key to enhancing vitality lies in the establishment of basic service facilities and the rational allocation of branches. The rational planning of the bridges connecting the two sides will bring new changes to the urban vitality of Lanzhou City. In summary, areas with rational network layouts tend to attract more business and service activities, have greater market potential, and more economic opportunities. The research results can help clarify the influence of road network form on urban vitality, provide a reference for improving urban vitality in the main urban area of Lanzhou City, and help promote and improve urban vitality in general.

Key words: road network form, urban vitality, road network topology, geographically weighted regression, spatial design network analysis, spatial heterogeneity

卢北, 曾俊伟, 钱勇生, 魏谞婷, 杨民安, 李海军. 兰州市主城区路网形态对城市活力的影响分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(8): 1333-1343.

LU Bei, ZENG Junwei, QIAN Yongsheng, WEI Xuting, YANG Min’an, LI Haijun. Influence of road network form on urban vitality in the main urban area of Lanzhou City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(8): 1333-1343.

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选取依据	解释变量	方差膨胀系数
路网总体规模	路网长度	2.12
公共交通服务水平	公交路网长度	8.98
	公交路线段数	11.10
	公交站点数量	3.85
路网拓扑结构	接近度	2.25
路网拓扑结构	穿行度	1.12
其他交通相关影响因素	经济POI	3.50
	社会POI	4.96
	人口密度	1.58
	建筑面积	1.19
	土地利用	1.22

POI类型	类别	名称
经济POI	消费	购物消费
		餐饮美食
		汽车相关
	生产	公司企业
社会POI	社会生活	科教文化
		商务住宅
		休闲娱乐
		生活服务
		交通设施
		医疗保健
		酒店住宿
		运动健身
		金融机构
		旅游景点
		其他

指标	OLS1模型	OLS2模型	GWR1模型	GWR2模型
AIC	510.506197	485.388169	502.588966	477.821506
R²	0.809864	0.816217	0.834364	0.835411
矫正后R²	0.798372	0.804033	0.811995	0.814751
Koenker(BP)统计量	0.000012^*	0.000430^*	-	-
Jarque-Bera	0.057814	0.065231^*	-	-
AIC变化值	-	-	-7.917231	-7.566663