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干旱区地理 ›› 2014, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 731-743.

• 生态与环境演变 • 上一篇    下一篇

TSP和PM10监测指标对新疆城市空气质量级别的影响

郭宇宏1，2，3，王自发1，康宏3，张小啸4，纪元3，李杰1，陈焕盛1   

  1. 1    中国科学院大气物理研究所， 北京    100029；    2    中国科学院大学， 北京    100049；   3    新疆环境监测总站，新疆    乌鲁木齐    830011；    4    中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所， 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室， 新疆    乌鲁木齐   830011
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-30 修回日期:2013-10-18 出版日期:2014-07-25
  • 作者简介:郭宇宏（1967-），女，博士研究生，高级工程师，主要研究方向为大气环境学. Email：jczgyh@tom.com
  • 基金资助:

    新疆高技术研究发展项目（201216148）

Influence of monitoring index TSP and PM10 on ambient air quality grade at cities of Xinjiang，China

GUO  Yu-hong1，2，3，WANG  Zi-fa1，KANG  Hong3，ZHANG  Xiao-xiao4，JI  Yuan3，LI  Jie1，CHEN  Huan-sheng1   

  1. 1   Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;   2   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;   3   Xinjiang Environmental Monitor Centre, Ministry of Environment Protection,Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;   4   State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2013-08-30 Revised:2013-10-18 Online:2014-07-25

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摘要： 以新疆干旱区绿洲城市为研究对象，对2005-2008、2011年TSP和PM10监测指标数据进行相关性分析，对比研究TSP与PM10监测指标对应的[API]污染指数分布和空气质量等级。结果显示：这两种大气颗粒物指标对新疆干旱区城市环境空气质量级别的影响显著，在春季沙尘多发期和冬季采暖期，以TSP标准评估的API空气质量等级与PM10为评价标准的空气质量结果偏离明显；监测指标采用PM10代替TSP后，城市环境空气质量出现较大幅度提升，环境空气质量优良率偏高，年均污染天数减少约50～60 d，以PM10作为空气质量监测指标的空气质量级别严重偏低，无法真实评价干旱区城市的空气质量现状，而TSP作为评价指标则更能如实反映当地空气质量的真实状况，建议在新疆城市在开展PM10监测的同时不应简单废弃TSP监测指标，TSP监测指标在干旱区环境空气质量监测体系中应该继续保留，同时建议在今后环境空气质量标准修订中适当收严PM10的日均值标准，使评价结果与TSP和PM10两指标评价结果不至于相差悬殊。

关键词: 总悬浮颗粒物, 可吸入颗粒物, 空气质量级别, 影响, 监测指标

Abstract: The study of correlation between TSP and PM10 index data records was carried out with typical cities of Changji，Turpan and Kashgar in the northern，eastern and southern Xinjiang，northwestern China，respectively in 2011 and from 2005 to 2008. Results show that these two indexes significantly influence the ambient air quality grades of dryland cities in Xinjiang. In the periods of dust storms in spring and heating period of time in winter，the ambient air quality grades resulted from the TSP standards were apparently changed comparing with that resulted from the PM10 standards. The air quality was substantially gotten better when applying PM10 index instead of TSP index. As a result，the annual average pollution days resulted from PM10 standards in 2011 were decreased over 50-60 d which can not reflect the real status of local air quality comparing with TSP standards in dryland cities of Xinjiang. Moreover，the air quality resulted from the TSP standards could truthfully indicate the local particulate pollution situation. Finally，the paper suggests policy- makers tighten the daily average standards of PM10 when revising the new ambient air quality standards in order to make the assessment of air quality in accordance with the results from TSP and PM10 indexes in China.

Key words: TSP, PM10, air quality, influence, atmosphere environment, monitoring indexes

中图分类号: 

  • X831