刚毛柽柳种子萌发对盐分与干旱胁迫的响应

doi:10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2007.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对不同温度、盐分和干旱胁迫对刚毛柽柳种子萌发实验研究影响,结果表明:刚毛柽柳种子的适宜萌发温度范围为10～35℃,萌发率高达80%以上,且萌发迅速。不同浓度NaCl溶液对刚毛柽柳种子萌发有明显抑制作用,种子萌发率随NaCl溶液浓度的增大而下降,到0.7 mol/L时,萌发率仅为1.67%,种子发芽受到抑制。相同渗透势PEG-6 000溶液中的萌发率低于NaCl溶液,渗透势为-0.5 MPa是二者影响作用的分界点。渗透势为-1.8 MPa时,萌发率已急剧下降到0,其对种子萌发的抑制作用大于NaCl溶液。将在两溶液中处理10天的种子转移至蒸馏水后,随着NaCl溶液浓度的增大,萌发恢复率逐渐升高,0.7 mol/L时,萌发恢复率为60%;随着PEG-6 000溶液浓度增大,萌发恢复率先升高后降低,渗透势为-1.4 MPa时,种子萌发恢复率达到最大为67.5%,但两种处理下种子的最终萌发率(总萌发率)都低于在蒸馏水中的。

关键词: 温度, 盐分, 水分, 胁迫, 刚毛柽柳, 萌发

Abstract: The effects of different temperature salts and drought stress on the seed germination of Tamari hispida were studied. The results showed that the T. hispida seed germination percentage of suitable temperature was $10 - 35^{\circ}C$ at 7 different gradient of temperature there was no difference between the germ inability of its seeds under high and low temperature, meanwhile the germination speed was very fast and its germination percentage was basically more than $80\%$ . Different content of NaCl restricted seed germination percentage significantly. The total tendency of seed germination percentage decreased with salinity increase. The seed germination percentage was not affected by NaCl at content below $0.3\mathrm{mol / L}$ and was decreased by NaCl at higher contents even fell to nearly 0 when NaCl solution content was $0.7\mathrm{mol / L}$ , the seed germination percentage is only $1.67\%$ , even the seed lose its vigor gradually to be dead; in this experiment polyethylene glycol-6 000 was used to simulate drought stress on the seed germination. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol-6 000 had a stronger restrictive effect than that in NaCl. Its seed germination percentage is lower than that in NaCl. When the osmotic potential is $-0.5\mathrm{MPa}$ , the tendency of two curves altered so $-0.5\mathrm{MPa}$ is the threshold. At $-1.8\mathrm{MPa}$ , its seed germination percentage fell to zero suddenly but still high in NaCl. At $-3.3\mathrm{MPa}$ , its seed germination percentage remain zero and decreased slowly to 0 in NaCl. After the non-geminated seeds from all the treatments are transferred to distilled water, the germination recovery percentage could always rise to $60\%$ with the increase of NaCl content. The germination recovery percentage in polyethylene glycol-6 000 had a tendency of first rise and then fall. The highest germination recovery percentage is $67.5\%$ at $-1.4\mathrm{MPa}$ . But the total seed germination percentage of salts and polyethylene glycol-6 000 are all lower than that in distilled water

Key words: temperature, salts, drought stress, Tam a rix hispida, germination

中图分类号:

Q945.78

孙红叶, 李利, 刘国军, 张希明, 李应罡. 刚毛柽柳种子萌发对盐分与干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2007, 30(3): 414-419.

SUN Hong-ye , LI li , LIU Guo-jun , ZHANG Xi ming , LIY ing-gang. Effects of temperature salt and water stress on the seed germination of Tamarix hispida[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2007, 30(3): 414-419.

参考文献

[1] Zhang Pengyun, Zhang Yaojia, China flora [M]. Beijing: Science Press 1979, 142-143. [张鹏云, 张耀甲. 中国植物志 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979, 142-143.]
[2] Huang Peiyou. Life periodical phenomenon preliminary study in heterogenetical habitant of arid tree species in desert area [J]. Journal of Xinjiang University, 1988, 5(4): 56-62. [黄培佑·荒漠区耐旱树种在异质生境中完成生活周期现象初探[J]. 新疆大学学报，1988, 5(4): 56-62.]
[3] Yin Linke Tamarix spx The keystone species of desert ecosystem [J]. Arid Zone Research 1995, 12 (3): 43-47. [尹林克. 中亚荒漠生态系统中的关键种一柽柳 [J]. 干旱区研究, 1995, 12 (3): 43-47.]
[4] Sun Xuegang, Xiao Wen, Jia Huixian. Investigation on the community structure, spatial pattern of population and interspecific association of Tamarix hispidal saline desert in the middle reaches of Shule River [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 1998, 7(2): 10-17. [孙学刚, 肖雯, 贾恢先. 疏勒河中游刚毛柽柳盐漠的群落结构、种群空间格局及种间联结性的研究 [J]. 草业学报, 1998, 7(2): 10-17.]
[5] Liu Mingting Compositive use study and popularize applied in great area of Tamarix spp [M]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press 1995. 284-289. [刘铭庭·柽柳属植物综合利用研究及大面积推广应用[M]. 兰州：兰州大学出版社，1995. 284-289.]
[6] Li Qian. Plant slat tolerance mechanism study of Tamarix[D]. Xinjiangagricultureuniversitymasterdegree dissertation,2002.23 -32.[李芊.新疆柽柳属植物抗盐机理研究[D].新疆农业大学硕士学位论文，2002.23-32.]
[7] Yang Weikang Zhang Daoyuan Y in Linke et al Distribution and cluster analysis on the similarity of the Tamarix communities in Xinjiang [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2002, 19(3): 6-11. [杨维康, 张道远, 尹林克, 等. 新疆柽柳属 (Tamarix L.) 的分布与群落相似性聚类分析 [J]. 干旱区研究, 2002, 19(3): 6-11.]
[8] Zhang Daoyuan, Yang Weikang, Pan Borong et al. Characters of Tamarix hispidawild communities and its ecological & physiologi-cal adaptation[J].Journal of Desert Reearch,2003,23(4):446 -451.[张道远，杨维康，潘伯荣，等.刚毛柽柳群落特征及生态、生理适应性[J].中国沙漠，2003,23(4):446-451.]
[9] Burlyn, Michel Merrill R., Kaufmann. The osmotic potential of Polylethylene G glycol 6000. J. Plant Physiology, 1973, 51: 914-916.
[10] Robinson Stokes Electrolyte solutions Butterworths scientific publication of drought and its effects on germination of five pasturespecies J. Agron Journal 1995, 85: 982-987.
[11] Bewley D J B Iack M. Seeds physiology of development and germ i-nation[M]. New York: Plenum Press 1994, 1-10.
[12] Huang Zhenying Yitzchak Gutteman, Hu Zhenghai et al Seed germination in Artemisia Sphaerocephala II. The influence of environmental factors [J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica 2001, 25 (2): 240-246. [黄振英, Yitzchak, Gutteman等. 白沙蒿种子萌发特性的研究 II 环境因素的影响 [J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25 (2): 240-246.]
[13] Khan M A. Factors influencing seed germination in salicornia pacificavarutahensis[J].American Journal of Botany, 1986,73:1163-1167.
[14] Gul B. Weber D J. Effect of salinity, light and the moperiod on the seed germination of Allenrolfa occidentalis [J]. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1999, 77: 1-7.
[15] Khan M A, Ungar IA. seed gemination and recovery of Triglochin maritima from salt stress under different thermoperiods [J]. Great Basin Naturalist 1999, 59: 144-150.
[16] Huang Zhenying Zhang Xinshi Yitzchak Gutteman. Influence of light temperature and salinity on the seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron [J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2001, 27 (3): 275-280. 黄振英, 张新时, Yitzchak Gutteman. 光照、温度和盐分对梭梭种子萌发的影响 [J]. 植物生理学报, 2001, 27 (3): 275-280.
[17] Duan Deyu, Liu Xiaojing, Li Cunzhen. Effects of salt and water stress on the seed germination of Chenopodium glaucum[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 2005, 13(2): 79-81. [段德玉，刘小京，李存桢. 不同盐分与水分胁迫对灰绿藜种子萌发效应研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报，2005, 13(2): 79-81.]
[18] LiCunzhen, Liu Xiaojing Yang Yann in. The effects of saline condition on the germination and seedling growth of Suaeda salsa [J]. Chinese Agriculture, 2005, 21(5): 209-212. [李存桢, 刘小京, 杨艳敏. 盐胁迫对盐地碱蓬种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(5): 209-212.]
[19] Li Haiyan Ding Xuemei Zhou Chan The effect of saline stress on the germination and embryo growth of three saline grass seeds [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2004, 12(1): 45-50. [李海燕, 丁雪梅, 周婵. 盐胁迫对三种盐生禾草种子萌发及其胚生长的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2004, 12(1): 45-50.]
[20] Ungar IA. Halophyte seed germination [J]. Bot Rev, 1978, (44): 233-264.
[21] Levitt J. Reponses of plants to environmental stress [M]. New York: Academic Press 1980, 365-434.
[22] Yan S, G Shen Y. Effects of ecological factors on salt-tolerance of Puccinellia tenuinora seeds during germination. J. Acta Phytoecologia Sinica 1996, 20(5): 414-422.
[23] Gul B. Weber D J. Effect of salinity light and temperature on germination in Allen rolfea occidentalis [J]. Can. J Bot 1999, (77): 240-246.
[24] Khan M A, Gul B, Weber D J. Germination responses of Salicornia nubra to temperature and Salinity [J]. Arid Environ 2000, (45): 207-214.
[25] Khan M A, Ungar I A. Effect of the moperiod on recovery of seed germination of halophytes from saline conditions [J]. Am J Bot 1997, (84): 279-283.
[26] Liu J, Liu G-S Q i D M, et al. Effect of PEG on germination and active oxygen metabolism in wildrye seeds [J]. Acta Pratacul Turaea Sinica 2002, 11(1): 59-63.
[27] Zeng Yanjun, Wang Yanrong, Sa Ren, et al. Response of seed germination of three xeromorphic shnubs to drought stress [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(8): 953-956. [曾彦军, 王彦荣, 萨仁, 等. 几种旱生灌木种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(8): 953-956.]