基于实测数据的黑河流域多源地表温度产品误差分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.087

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2017—2019年黑河流域7个地面观测站的地表温度观测数据，采用偏差（BIAS）、均方根误差（RMSE）、相关系数（CC）、标准偏差比（RSD）统计指标从不同时间尺度对风云三号C星可见光红外扫描辐射计（FY-3C VIRR）地表温度产品、Terra卫星中分辨率成像光谱仪（MOD11A1/MOD11C3）地表温度产品、欧洲中期天气预报中心开发的欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代陆面再分析数据集（ERA5-LAND）和中国气象局陆面数据同化系统（CLDAS-V2.0）4套地表温度产品的误差进行了分析。结果表明：（1）在空间分布上，4种地表温度产品均呈现南高北低的空间分布，但FY-3C VIRR和MOD11A1地表温度产品呈现出更多空间细节。（2） FY-3C VIRR白天地表温度产品的BIAS和RMSE整体上相对较低，显示了较高的精度；MOD11A1白天地表温度产品具有最高的CC（0.957~0.987之间），但其误差较大，MOD11A1白天地表温度产品整体上都被高估。（3） MOD11A1夜间地表温度产品的精度整体优于FY-3C VIRR、ERA5-LAND和CLDAS-V2.0夜间地表温度产品，其中CLDAS-V2.0夜间地表温度产品的误差最大。（4） FY-3C VIRR、MOD11A1和ERA5-LAND夜间地表温度产品的精度优于白天地表温度产品；而CLDAS-V2.0白天地表温度产品的精度高于夜间地表温度产品。

关键词: 地表温度, FY-3C VIRR, MODIS, ERA5-LAND, CLDAS-V2.0, 黑河流域

Abstract:

This study used in-situ land surface temperature observation data (from 2017 to 2019) from seven stations in the Heihe River Basin, northern Gansu Province, China, to evaluate the errors of four land surface temperature products: the Fengyun-3C visible and infrared radiometer (FY-3C VIRR) land surface temperature product, the Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MOD11A1/MOD11C3) land surface temperature product, the European Center for medium-range weather forecasts fifth-generation land surface reanalysis dataset (ERA5-LAND), and the China Meteorological Administration land data assimilation system (CLDAS-V2.0). Bias (BIAS), root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (CC), and ratio of standard deviation (RSD), were employed as statistical metrics for analyzing errors across different temporal scales. The results indicated the following. (1) All four land surface temperature products exhibited a general spatial pattern of higher temperature in the south and lower temperature in the north. However, the FY-3C VIRR and MOD11A1 products exhibited finer spatial details. (2) The FY-3C VIRR daytime land surface temperature product demonstrated relatively lower BIAS and RMSE values, indicating higher accuracy. Further, the MOD11A1 daytime land surface temperature product yielded the highest CC values, ranging across 0.957-0.987. However, it also produced larger errors. This was attributed to the tendency of the MOD11A1 daytime product to overestimate temperatures. (3) The MOD11A1 nighttime land surface temperature product outperformed the FY-3C VIRR, ERA5-LAND, and CLDAS-V2.0 nighttime products in terms of accuracy. Among these, the CLDAS-V2.0 nighttime product exhibited the largest errors. (4) For the FY-3C VIRR, MOD11A1, and ERA5-LAND products, the nighttime land surface temperature accuracy surpassed those of their respective daytime products. Conversely, the CLDAS-V2.0 daytime land surface temperature product exhibited higher accuracy than its nighttime counterparts.

Key words: land surface temperature, FY-3C VIRR, MODIS, ERA5-LAND, CLDAS-V2.0, Heihe River Basin

李旭, 江红南, 许剑辉. 基于实测数据的黑河流域多源地表温度产品误差分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(5): 765-777.

LI Xu, JIANG Hongnan, XU Jianhui. Error analysis of multi-source land surface temperature products in the Heihe River Basin based on in-situ data[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(5): 765-777.

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站点	土地覆盖类型	海拔/m	可用年份
大满站（DM）	农田	1556	2017—2019
大沙龙站（DSL）	草原	3739	2017—2019
黑河遥感站（HH）	农田	1560	2017—2019
花寨子站（HZZ）	草原	1731	2017—2019
荒漠站（HM）	贫瘠	1054	2017—2019
四道桥站（SDQ）	草原	873	2017—2019
张掖站（ZY）	农田	1460	2017—2019

站点	FY-3C VIRR				MOD11A1
站点	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD
四道桥站	0.673	3.771	0.974	0.017	4.236	5.240	0.980	0.025
大满站	-0.686	3.337	0.968	0.030	3.638	4.391	0.977	0.000
大沙龙站	0.871	3.422	0.962	0.035	3.557	4.804	0.957	0.027
黑河站	-2.171	4.695	0.975	0.145	-0.174	4.391	0.978	0.208
荒漠站	-0.694	4.255	0.979	0.080	6.238	6.907	0.987	0.007
花寨子站	-1.198	3.981	0.970	0.016	2.773	4.062	0.979	0.030
张掖站	3.028	4.831	0.956	0.035	4.745	5.322	0.978	0.031
平均值	-0.025	4.042	0.969	0.051	3.573	5.017	0.977	0.047
站点	ERA5-LAND				CLDAS-V2.0
站点	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD
四道桥站	-0.851	3.951	0.983	0.146	1.362	4.444	0.983	0.191
大满站	-0.245	4.505	0.947	0.136	4.143	5.743	0.962	0.137
大沙龙站	-3.780	5.385	0.934	0.033	-2.731	5.046	0.938	0.120
黑河站	-3.671	5.225	0.974	0.099	0.913	4.078	0.970	0.074
荒漠站	-4.269	5.560	0.983	0.051	-2.545	3.872	0.989	0.056
花寨子站	-3.705	5.900	0.950	0.045	0.759	3.887	0.968	0.000
张掖站	2.759	4.241	0.975	0.136	5.837	6.530	0.979	0.147
平均值	-1.966	4.967	0.964	0.092	1.105	4.800	0.970	0.104

站点	FY-3C VIRR				MOD11A1
站点	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD
四道桥站	-1.115	2.928	0.982	0.047	-1.668	2.678	0.990	0.052
大满站	-1.715	3.069	0.978	0.027	-1.579	2.447	0.988	0.021
大沙龙站	-0.577	2.682	0.962	0.021	-0.938	2.312	0.981	0.027
黑河站	-1.324	3.010	0.981	0.082	-1.563	2.308	0.992	0.050
荒漠站	-2.161	3.096	0.988	0.033	-1.575	2.402	0.993	0.027
花寨子站	-1.106	2.904	0.970	0.016	-1.648	2.648	0.981	0.018
张掖站	-1.162	3.358	0.958	0.040	-0.877	2.551	0.976	0.077
平均值	-1.309	3.007	0.974	0.038	-1.407	2.478	0.986	0.039
站点	ERA5-LAND				CLDAS-V2.0
站点	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD	BIAS/K	RMSE/K	CC	RSD
四道桥站	5.617	6.375	0.979	0.002	3.864	5.281	0.971	0.026
大满站	-0.081	2.818	0.975	0.066	5.676	6.272	0.980	0.076
大沙龙站	-3.411	4.817	0.973	0.171	0.972	3.573	0.944	0.049
黑河站	-0.187	3.259	0.979	0.154	5.351	5.926	0.980	0.027
荒漠站	3.549	4.067	0.992	0.045	1.196	2.429	0.991	0.045
花寨子站	-1.499	3.217	0.969	0.025	5.184	5.680	0.985	0.087
张掖站	-0.472	2.953	0.968	0.077	3.175	4.519	0.978	0.200
平均值	0.502	3.929	0.976	0.077	3.631	4.811	0.976	0.073