新冠疫情影响下宁夏旅游流网络结构演化研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2022.188

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究新冠疫情影响下的旅游流网络结构演化特征有助于发现旅游新线路，识别旅游市场新需求。基于网络游记，从新冠疫情对旅游流的影响视角，采用社会网络分析方法对新冠疫情前后宁夏旅游流网络结构演化进行研究。结果表明：新冠疫情后新的旅游节点与线路促使宁夏旅游流网络节点分布不均衡状况有所改善；新冠疫情增加了旅游者从边缘区旅游节点到其他边缘区旅游节点的可能性，改变了边缘区内旅游流网络节点的聚集和扩散效应；新冠疫情使宗教场所及演艺类核心旅游节点在网络结构中的位置发生了巨大改变，甚至在整个旅游流网络结构中消失，但绝大部分核心旅游节点在新冠疫情前后都展现出了强大的竞争优势。

关键词: 新冠疫情, 旅游流, 网络结构, 网络游记, 宁夏

Abstract:

Exploring the structural evolution characteristics of tourism flow networks under the influence of COVID-19 is helpful in discovering new tourism routes and identifying new requirements of the tourism market. On the basis of network travel notes, from the perspective of the COVID-19 effect on tourism flow, a social network analysis method was used to examine the evolution of the tourism flow network structure in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China before and after the onset of COVID-19. The following results are obtained: After COVID-19, new tourism nodes and routes have improved the unbalanced distribution of the tourism flow network nodes in Ningxia; COVID-19 has increased the possibility of tourists from marginal tourism nodes to other tourism nodes, and changed the aggregation and diffusion effect of tourism flow network nodes in marginal areas; COVID-19 has greatly changed the location of religious places and core performing arts tourism nodes in the network structure, and even disappeared from the entire tourism flow network structure. However, most of the core tourism nodes exhibit strong competitive advantage before and after the onset of COVID-19.

Key words: COVID-19, tourism flow, network structure, network travel notes, Ningxia

任浩科, 魏伟, 汪克会. 新冠疫情影响下宁夏旅游流网络结构演化研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(2): 316-324.

REN Haoke, WEI Wei, WANG Kehui. Structural evolution of tourism flow network in Ningxia under the influence of COVID-19[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(2): 316-324.

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旅游节点	程度中心性		接近中心性		中介中心性	结构洞
旅游节点	外向	内向	外向	内向	中介中心性	效能	效率	约束性
镇北堡西部影城	23.000	19.000	70.909	63.934	188.181	17.452	0.671	0.156
沙坡头	23.000	25.000	70.909	73.585	466.167	21.521	0.717	0.132
西夏陵	17.000	18.000	62.903	62.903	82.736	13.300	0.605	0.191
贺兰山岩画	18.000	12.000	65.000	57.353	65.316	10.717	0.564	0.216
水洞沟	13.000	19.000	59.091	63.934	88.725	12.266	0.584	0.195
沙湖	13.000	20.000	59.091	65.000	70.546	13.227	0.601	0.187
怀远夜市	7.000	19.000	48.750	63.934	105.985	16.404	0.683	0.164
南关清真寺	16.000	15.000	61.905	60.000	58.376	9.177	0.510	0.215
宁夏博物馆	15.000	12.000	60.938	49.367	45.415	10.611	0.531	0.208
沙坡头盛典	1.000	7.000	41.935	51.316	0.000	3.250	0.464	0.544
北长滩	7.000	9.000	45.349	54.167	18.587	3.719	0.413	0.408
黄河宿集	8.000	8.000	45.349	47.561	1.198	2.219	0.247	0.403
志辉源石酒庄	3.000	3.000	44.828	41.053	2.225	2.083	0.521	0.750
张裕摩塞尔十五世酒庄	10.000	7.000	52.000	44.828	12.712	4.588	0.459	0.353
66号公路	11.000	7.000	48.750	46.429	8.081	4.389	0.399	0.355
方差	28.674	31.274	76.589	65.825	6102.728	-	-	-

旅游节点	程度中心性		接近中心性		中介中心性	结构洞
旅游节点	外向	内向	外向	内向	中介中心性	效能	效率	约束性
镇北堡西部影城	29.000	20.000	76.364	64.615	373.253	24.204	0.756	0.129
沙坡头	18.000	21.000	60.870	66.667	366.739	17.564	0.703	0.158
西夏陵	18.000	19.000	60.870	63.636	139.305	15.216	0.662	0.172
贺兰山岩画	15.000	9.000	58.333	55.263	76.715	11.104	0.617	0.232
水洞沟	17.000	17.000	59.155	61.765	152.340	15.632	0.680	0.174
沙湖	13.000	21.000	56.757	65.625	176.004	18.559	0.714	0.161
怀远夜市	10.000	18.000	44.211	54.545	52.717	13.857	0.693	0.195
宁夏博物馆	14.000	9.000	56.000	48.276	36.017	11.543	0.608	0.215
黄河军事文化博览园	14.000	8.000	56.757	53.846	32.115	9.727	0.572	0.237
贺兰山漫葡小镇	6.000	14.000	48.276	59.155	25.017	8.325	0.520	0.251
北长滩	9.000	8.000	44.681	50.000	9.779	3.471	0.347	0.381
黄河宿集	7.000	10.000	42.424	53.165	13.785	3.853	0.385	0.382
志辉源石酒庄	7.000	6.000	50.602	46.154	34.735	5.615	0.562	0.363
张裕摩塞尔十五世酒庄	11.000	6.000	53.846	45.161	7.907	6.029	0.502	0.314
66号公路	8.000	9.000	42.857	45.161	6.953	3.324	0.369	0.400
方差	29.178	25.271	59.872	62.035	6828.656	-	-	-

年份	网络密度		理论联结数	实际联结数
2019	0.2301	1560	359
2021	0.2071	1806	374

年份		核心区	边缘区
2019		镇北堡西部影城、沙坡头、西夏陵、贺兰山岩画、水洞沟、沙湖、怀远夜市、南关清真寺、宁夏博物馆、中卫高庙、中华回乡文化园、鼓楼、南门广场、沙坡头盛典	金沙海、青铜峡黄河楼、览山公园、西夏风情园、火石寨国家地质公园、玉皇阁、北长滩、鸣翠湖湿地公园、黄河宫、黄沙古渡、青铜峡黄河大峡谷、金沙岛、须弥山石窟、承天寺塔、六盘山红军长征景区、六盘山国家森林公园、贺兰山国家森林公园、黄河宿集、志辉源石酒庄、海宝塔、中国枸杞馆、中山公园、中阿之轴、张裕摩塞尔十五世酒庄、66号公路、中卫寺口子
	核心区	0.731	0.225
	边缘区	0.239	0.117
2021		镇北堡西部影城、沙坡头、西夏陵、贺兰山岩画、水洞沟、沙湖、怀远夜市、宁夏博物馆、中卫高庙、览山公园、黄河军事文化博览园、鼓楼、南门广场、玉皇阁、青铜峡黄河大峡谷、贺兰山漫葡小镇	金沙海、青铜峡黄河楼、西夏风情园、火石寨国家地质公园、北长滩、鸣翠湖湿地公园、黄沙古渡、金沙岛、须弥山石窟、承天寺塔、六盘山红军长征景区、六盘山国家森林公园、贺兰山国家森林公园、黄河宿集、志辉源石酒庄、海宝塔、中国枸杞馆、中山公园、张裕摩塞尔十五世酒庄、66号公路、中卫寺口子、稻渔空间、银川当代美术馆、闽宁镇、固原博物馆、大武口北武当生态旅游区、五七干校
	核心区	0.533	0.220
	边缘区	0.183	0.103