干旱区城市化与生态韧性耦合协调的时空格局演化分析——以宁夏为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.563

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

快速城市化易引发各种生态问题,如何构建城市化与生态韧性的协调发展关系对于干旱区内陆城市的发展至关重要。结合遥感技术从韧性角度解读城市化与生态环境,以宁夏为研究区域,在构建城市化与生态韧性指数的基础上,运用耦合协调性和相对发展度模型对2005—2020年两者的耦合协调性进行研究。结果表明：（1）宁夏城市化水平提升较快,以银川市为中心的沿黄城市群灯光璀璨,而宁夏南部呈现众多面积较小零星分布的灯光像元。（2）宁夏生态韧性水平整体稳中有升。银川市生态韧性水平全区最高,吴忠市次之,石嘴山市、固原市和中卫市生态韧性水平则相对较低。（3）宁夏城市化与生态韧性耦合协调性稳步提升,除银川市和石嘴山市外,其余各市均经历了不同程度的失调期。（4）宁夏城市化和生态韧性的相对发展尚未达到理想上的等同。

关键词: 城市化, 生态韧性, 耦合协调性, 宁夏

Abstract:

Various ecological problems caused by rapid urbanization have become the biggest obstacle to achieving high economic quality. Therefore, the construction of a coordinated development relationship between urban ecological resilience and urbanization is crucial for developing inland cities in arid regions. This study attempts to break through previous research methods and interpret the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment from the viewpoint of resilience. Based on nighttime light data and land use remote sensing data, the coupling coordination and relative development degree models were used to study their coupling coordination and spatio-temporal evolution in Ningxia, China, from 2005 to 2020. The results show that the urban agglomeration along the Yellow River in Ningxia, with Yinchuan City as the center, has bright lights, whereas the southern part of Ningxia presents many small scattered lights. The distribution pattern of ecological resilience is the highest in Wuzhong City, followed by Yinchuan City, and the lowest in Shizuishan City, Guyuan City, and Zhongwei City. Except for Yinchuan City and Shizuishan City, other cities have also experienced varying degrees of imbalance, and the relative development of urbanization and ecological resilience in Ningxia has not reached ideal equivalence. Finally, Ningxia gradually forms a coordinated regional development pattern, with Yinchuan City as the core and Shizuishan City and Wuzhong City as the support, radiating the cities of Zhongwei and Guyuan. This study makes up for the deficiency of research on arid cities. Resilience, as a new hotspot in the field of urban studies, provides a new way for interpreting the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment from the perspective of ecological resilience by constructing the evaluation index system of “resistance-adjustment-resilience”, which is greatly significant for accelerating the construction of an important ecological security barrier and realizing high-quality development in northwest China.

Key words: urbanization, ecological resilience, coupling coordination, Ningxia

李苏,刘浩南. 干旱区城市化与生态韧性耦合协调的时空格局演化分析——以宁夏为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(4): 1281-1290.

LI Su,LIU Haonan. Spatio-temporal pattern evolution of coupling coordination between urbanization and ecological resilience in arid region: A case of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(4): 1281-1290.

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准则层	指标	权重	性质
生态系统抵抗力	生态系统服务价值	0.413	+
生态系统恢复力	生态弹性	0.313	+
生态系统适应力	景观指数	0.274	+

耦合协调性（D）	协调水平	耦合协调性（D）	协调水平
0.0≤D≤0.1	极度失调	0.5<D≤0.6	勉强协调
0.1<D≤0.2	严重失调	0.6<D≤0.7	初级协调
0.2<D≤0.3	中度失调	0.7<D≤0.8	中级协调
0.3<D≤0.4	轻度失调	0.8<D≤0.9	良好协调
0.4<D≤0.5	濒临失调	0.9<D≤1.0	优质协调

社会经济指标	拟合方程	决定系数
人均GDP	y=0.433x+0.894	0.756^***
城镇化率	y=4.365x+25.134	0.784^***
第二产业增加值	y=48.262x-48.446	0.887^***
第三产业增加值	y=45.359x-62.628	0.794^***

城市	2005年		2010年		2015年		2020年
城市	耦合协调性	协调水平	耦合协调性	协调水平	耦合协调性	协调水平	耦合协调性	协调水平
银川市	0.681	初级协调	0.776	中级协调	0.832	良好协调	0.855	良好协调
石嘴山市	0.529	勉强协调	0.664	初级协调	0.689	初级协调	0.757	中级协调
吴忠市	0.130	严重失调	0.279	中度失调	0.538	勉强协调	0.649	初级协调
固原市	0.002	极度失调	0.152	严重失调	0.199	严重失调	0.255	中度失调
中卫市	0.125	严重失调	0.233	中度失调	0.441	濒临失调	0.512	勉强协调
宁夏	0.293	中度失调	0.421	濒临失调	0.540	勉强协调	0.606	初级协调