艾比湖流域降水、地表水和地下水稳定同位素特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.04.06

干旱区地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 934-942.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.04.06

艾比湖流域降水、地表水和地下水稳定同位素特征

郝帅^1,²(),李发东^3,⁴(),李艳红^1,²,朱农³,乔云峰^3,⁴,田超^3,⁴,杨涵^1,²,付凯^1,²

1.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
2.新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
4.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100190

收稿日期:2020-11-23 修回日期:2021-05-05 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-08-02
通讯作者: 李发东
作者简介:郝帅（1982-）,男,博士,主要从事干旱区水文过程研究. E-mail: haoshuai1869@163.com
基金资助:
自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2021D01A118);新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室开放课题(XJNUSYS2019B18);国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1803244)

Stable isotopes characteristics of precipitation, surface water and groundwater in Ebinur Lake Basin

HAO Shuai^1,²(),LI Fadong^3,⁴(),LI Yanhong^1,²,ZHU Nong³,QIAO Yunfeng^3,⁴,TIAN Chao^3,⁴,YANG Han^1,²,FU Kai^1,²

1. College of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
2. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Area, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
4. College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2020-11-23 Revised:2021-05-05 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-02
Contact: Fadong LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取艾比湖流域降水、地表水和地下水为研究对象,结合流域水文地质资料,利用野外调查、室内试验和统计分析等方法分析了流域不同水体氢氧稳定同位素的时空变化特征。结果表明：（1）艾比湖流域降水δ²H和δ¹⁸O变化范围分别为-148.2‰~-34.5‰和-20.16‰~1.20‰,流域大气降水线斜率为6.69。降水δ¹⁸O值与气温呈正相关关系,与降水量在夏季表现出显著的负相关关系。（2）地表水δ²H和δ¹⁸O变化范围为-101.0‰~-17.0‰和-14.54‰~0.29‰,其中8月最大,其次为5月和10月。博尔塔拉河同位素值从上游到下游沿流程逐渐增加,而精河沿流程变化趋势不明显,河水δ¹⁸O与气温存在正相关关系。（3）地下水δ²H和δ¹⁸O值的范围分别为-85.0‰~-65.5‰和-12.18‰~-9.05‰,平均值分别为-75.5‰和-11.00‰。博尔塔拉河区地下水同位素值从上游到下游沿流程逐渐增加,精河区沿流程变化趋势不明显。艾比湖流域水体稳定同位素的测定,为阐明流域水文过程提供同位素证据,对变化环境下有效利用水资源,维护流域生态安全具有重要意义。

关键词: 降水, 地表水, 地下水, 稳定同位素, 艾比湖

Abstract:

The study considered the precipitation, surface water, and groundwater of the Ebinur Lake Basin, Xinjiang, China as the research object. Combining the hydrogeological data, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of different water bodies in the basin were analyzed using field study, laboratory tests, and statistical analysis. The results show that: (1) the δ²H and δ¹⁸O of precipitation in the Ebinur Lake Basin range from -148.2‰ to -34.5‰ and -20.16‰ to 1.20‰, respectively. The slope of the local meteorological water line is 6.69, precipitation δ¹⁸O has a significant positive correlation with air temperature and a negative correlation with precipitation in summer. (2) Surface water δ²H and δ¹⁸O vary from -101.0‰ to -17.0‰ and -14.54‰ to 0.29‰, with the largest change in August, followed by May and October. The isotopic value of the Bortala River gradually increases from upstream to downstream, but the change in the trend of the Jinghe River is not obvious. δ¹⁸O is positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with altitude. Compared with river water, the isotopic values of lake water increase significantly in different seasons, reflecting the high evapotranspiration and concentration of lake water. (3) The groundwater δ²H and δ¹⁸O range from -85.0‰ to -65.5‰ and -12.18‰ to -9.05‰, respectively, and the average values are -75.5‰ and -11.00‰, respectively. The isotopic value of groundwater in the Bortala River region increases gradually from upstream to downstream, but it is not obvious in the Jinghe River region, which can be attributed to the different recharge sources and evaporation intensity in different sections of the river. The determination of stable isotopes in the Ebinur Lake Basin provides a basis for clarifying the hydrological process of the basin, which is of great importance for the effective use of water resources and the maintenance of ecological security in the face of environmental changes.

Key words: precipitation, surface water, groundwater, stable isotopes, Ebinur Lake Basin

郝帅,李发东,李艳红,朱农,乔云峰,田超,杨涵,付凯. 艾比湖流域降水、地表水和地下水稳定同位素特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(4): 934-942.

HAO Shuai,LI Fadong,LI Yanhong,ZHU Nong,QIAO Yunfeng,TIAN Chao,YANG Han,FU Kai. Stable isotopes characteristics of precipitation, surface water and groundwater in Ebinur Lake Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(4): 934-942.

图/表 10

图1

表1

艾比湖流域降水δ2H和δ18O季节变化"

$δ$		春季	夏季	秋季	冬季
δ²H	均值	-96.6	-45.5	-103.0	-129.7
δ²H	范围	-98.4~-78.4	-63.1~-35.5	-132.7~-62.8	-148.2~-98.3
δ²H	均值	-12.33	-2.50	-11.31	-18.63
δ²H	范围	-12.89~-9.32	-5.94~1.20	-17.74~-5.64	-20.16~-14.38

表1

图2

表2

河水δ2H和δ18O季节变化"

$δ$		博尔塔拉河			精河			奎屯河			大河沿子河
$δ$		5月	8月	10月	5月	8月	10月	5月	8月	10月	5月	8月	10月
$δ H 2$	均值	-82.9	-75.4	-90.2	-85.6	-79.4	-88.8	-84.3	-77.4	-86.2	-80.2	-73.5	-88.6
$δ H 2$	范围	-96.1~ -75.0	-84.1~ -65.1	-101.1~ -80.9	-88.5~ -80.5	-81.2~ -75.8	-90.8~ -86.3	/	/	/	-85.1~ -77.0	-79.1~ -70.1	-92.1~ -82.9
$δ O 18$	均值	-11.77	-10.71	-12.81	-12.51	-11.61	-12.99	-11.32	-10.45	-11.55	-10.73	-9.76	-11.84
$δ O 18$	范围	-13.84 ~-9.61	-12.04~ -8.34	-14.54~ -10.97		-11.91~ -11.00	-13.21~ -12.52		/	/		-11.44~ -8.86	-13.54~ -10.64

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表3

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区段	5月		8月		10月
区段	关系式	R²	关系式	R²	关系式	R²
上游	δ¹⁸O=0.035T-12.728	0.04	δ¹⁸O=0.033T-12.147	0.02	δ¹⁸O=0.024T-13.133	0.03
中游	δ¹⁸O=0.256T-14.577	0.46	δ¹⁸O=0.148T-13.914	0.52	δ¹⁸O=0.239T-16.280	0.41
下游	δ¹⁸O=0.578T-19.211	0.55	δ¹⁸O=0.326T-18.682	0.62	δ¹⁸O=0.454T-20.412	0.75

艾比湖流域降水、地表水和地下水稳定同位素特征

Stable isotopes characteristics of precipitation, surface water and groundwater in Ebinur Lake Basin

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