收藏设为首页 广告服务联系我们在线留言

干旱区地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 1520-1529.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.463 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025463

• 区域发展 • 上一篇    

中国就业质量的区域差异、动态演进及影响因素

何嘉欣1(), 李海洋2()   

  1. 1 兰州财经大学统计与数据科学学院甘肃 兰州 730020
    2 清华大学公共管理学院北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05 修回日期:2025-09-10 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-07
  • 通讯作者: 李海洋(1995-),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事数字经济、城市管理和可持续发展等方面的研究. E-mail: lihaiyang1106@163.com
  • 作者简介:何嘉欣(1997-),女,博士研究生,主要从事经济统计等方面的研究. E-mail: hejiaxin991020@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目(24AJL008);甘肃省基础研究计划软科学专项(24JRZA086);甘肃省高校研究生“创新之星”项目(2025CXZX-864)

Regional differences, dynamic evolution, and influencing factors of employment quality in China

HE Jiaxin1(), LI Haiyang2()   

  1. 1 School of Statistics and Data Science, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China
    2 School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-09-10 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-07-07

摘要:

提升就业质量是实现高质量充分就业的关键途径,对促进经济发展、维护社会稳定、改善民生福祉具有重要意义。以2011—2023年中国29个省域为研究对象,构建“一体两翼”的就业质量评价指标体系,综合运用Dagum基尼系数、马尔可夫链、空间收敛模型、计量回归模型及地理探测器等方法,系统分析了中国就业质量的差异来源、动态演进、空间特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1) 中国就业质量总体呈稳步上升趋势,区域间差异是引起总体就业质量水平差异的主要原因;空间分布上呈现自西北向东南逐渐递增的格局,且具有显著的空间集聚性。(2) 随着跨期年数的增加,就业质量易向邻近状态发生转移,存在空间收敛特征。(3) 就业质量提升存在累积效应,交通便利度、工业化水平与政府干预程度的影响系数较大,提升就业质量的作用较强。(4) 就业质量提升依赖于多因素协同协作,交通便利度、人口密度是其核心驱动因子。研究结果可为制定差异化、精准化的就业质量提升政策提供参考依据。

关键词: 就业质量, 区域差异, 动态演进, 影响因素

Abstract:

Enhancing employment quality is a crucial pathway to achieving high-quality and full employment, which is vital to promoting economic development, maintaining social stability, and improving people’s livelihoods. Using panel data on 29 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2023, this study constructs an employment quality evaluation index system characterized by “one core with two wings”. By employing methods such as the Dagum Gini coefficient, Markov chain, spatial convergence model, econometric regression models, and geographical detector, this study systematically examines the sources of disparities, dynamic evolution, spatial characteristics, and influencing factors of employment quality in China. The results reveal that (1) China’s employment quality demonstrates an overall steady upward trend, with inter-regional disparities constituting the principal source of the overall variation in employment quality levels. Spatially, it exhibits a gradually increasing gradient from the northwest to the southeast, accompanied by significant spatial agglomeration. (2) As the duration of transition periods extends, employment quality displays a tendency to shift toward adjacent levels, exhibiting characteristics of spatial convergence. (3) The improvement of employment quality exhibits a self-reinforcing cumulative effect. Factors such as transportation accessibility, industrialization level, and the degree of government intervention have relatively large coefficients, indicating their pronounced role in promoting employment quality. (4) The enhancement of employment quality depends on the synergistic effects of multiple factors, among which transportation accessibility and population density are identified as the core driving forces. The conclusions of this study can offer valuable insights for formulating differentiated and targeted policies for elevating employment quality.

Key words: employment quality, egional disparity, dynamic evolution, influencing factors