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干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1450-1459.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.603

• 水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于空天地一体化的黑河流域自然资源要素综合观测网络构建

裴小龙1,2(),高天胜3(),祝晓松1,韩小龙3   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局廊坊自然资源综合调查中心,河北 廊坊 065000
    2.自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京 100055
    3.中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心,青海 西宁 810000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-15 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 高天胜
  • 作者简介:裴小龙(1988-),男,硕士研究生,工程师,主要从事自然资源调查、监测、观测方面的研究. E-mail: 457934728@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑河流域高原山地水源涵养与生态退化调查监测与评价(ZD20220140);黑河流域自然资源要素综合观测试点(DD20208065);长三角宁波地区地表基质层调查(DD20211425)

Construction of comprehensive observation network of natural resource elements in Heihe River Basin based on integration of space-air-ground

PEI Xiaolong1,2(),GAO Tiansheng3(),ZHU Xiaosong1,HAN Xiaolong3   

  1. 1. Langfang Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China
    3. Xining Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Xining 810000, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2021-12-15 Revised:2022-04-12 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-10-20
  • Contact: Tiansheng GAO

摘要:

立足自然资源管理的新要求,全国自然资源要素综合观测网络工程已于2020年全面启动和建设。黑河流域作为西北地区第二大内陆河流域,且处于丝绸之路经济带的核心地段,迫切需要在黑河流域开展试点研究。依托黑河流域现有观测研究基础,采用融合共建、改建升级和空白添建3种方式,分流域、分级别布设观测台站13个,基本覆盖了黑河流域草原、森林、河流、湖泊、荒漠、湿地、农田等主要地表资源类型。结合遥感观测和人工样地调查,初步构建起黑河流域自然资源要素综合观测网络。通过建立统一的运行维护和质量管理体系,确保观测数据的真实性和可靠性。从应用效果来看,黑河流域自然资源要素综合观测网络已基本形成了局部控制的立体化观测能力,可有效获取资源间耦合作用过程、变化趋势和速度等关键数据,对提高黑河流域自然资源认知能力、科学管理和战略决策具有十分重要的意义,对其他流域开展自然资源观测研究也具有重要的借鉴和示范意义。

关键词: 黑河流域, 自然资源管理, 空天地一体化观测, 野外观测站, 综合观测网络

Abstract:

Based on the demand for natural resource management in China, and adhering to natural resources science and earth system science theory, the national natural resource elements comprehensive observation network project has been active since 2020. This project takes environment types and natural resources localization as input and adheres to the working principles of innovation mechanism, coordination organization, green cooperation, open cooperation, and data sharing. As the second largest inland river basin in northwest China, the Heihe River Basin is at the core of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The resource and environmental problems in the basin are significant, and thus, there is an urgent need to carry out research in the Heihe River Basin. Cold and arid areas coexist in the basin; this basin has the typical characteristics in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the basin. This river basin represents an ideal site for comprehensive observation and research. Based on the current observation and research in the Heihe River Basin, 13 observation stations were set up in different river basins and levels by three ways of integration, reconstruction and upgrading, and new constructions in blank space. The main types of land surface use, such as grassland, forest, river, lake, desert, wetland, and farmland in the Heihe River Basin were basically covered. Combining remote sensing observations and artificial sample plot investigation, a comprehensive observation network of natural resource elements in Heihe River Basin is constructed in this work. By establishing a unified operation, maintenance, and quality management system, the authenticity and reliability of the observation data are ensured. The comprehensive observation network of natural resources elements in Heihe River Basin permits a three-dimensional observation capacity, which can effectively obtain the key data, such as the coupling process, change trends, and speed between resources. This is of great significance to the improvement of the scientific management and strategic decision making related to the natural resources in Heihe River Basin. The study also provides an important reference for further studies and demonstrates the significance of the observation of and research into natural resources in other basins.

Key words: Heihe River Basin, natural resources management, integrated observation of space-air-ground, field observation stations, comprehensive observation network