干旱区地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 158-169.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.313
收稿日期:
2023-06-27
修回日期:
2023-09-14
出版日期:
2024-01-25
发布日期:
2024-01-26
通讯作者:
刘凯(1988-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事经济地理、城市地理、环境经济研究. E-mail: 作者简介:
任贵秀(1999-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事经济地理研究. E-mail: 基金资助:
Received:
2023-06-27
Revised:
2023-09-14
Online:
2024-01-25
Published:
2024-01-26
摘要:
以2005—2020年黄河流域89个地级及以上城市为研究对象,运用绿色专利数据表征绿色创新水平,利用标准差椭圆和空间自相关揭示绿色创新的时空演化格局,并利用空间杜宾模型分析绿色创新的影响因素并分解各因素的空间效应。结果表明:(1) 黄河流域以及上游、中游和下游的绿色创新均呈现出快速发展趋势。(2) 绿色创新的标准差椭圆呈现“东北—西南”向分布格局,各参数基本稳定,重心呈现“先东后西”的移动特征。(3) 绿色创新全局空间自相关关系明显,局部空间自相关以高-高型和低-低型为主。(4) 科技投入对绿色创新具有显著的正向促进作用,城市研究与试验发展人员全时当量和第三产业占GDP比重具有显著的负向空间溢出效应,公共图书馆藏书量与建成区绿化覆盖率产生显著的正向空间溢出效应。(5) 科技投入对黄河上游绿色创新的正向促进作用最强,产业结构高级化可以显著促进黄河中游绿色创新的发展,社会文化对黄河下游绿色创新存在较强的正向促进作用。
任贵秀, 刘凯. 黄河流域绿色创新的时空演化特征及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(1): 158-169.
REN Guixiu, LIU Kai. Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(1): 158-169.
表1
2005—2020年黄河流域绿色创新标准差椭圆参数"
年份 | 长半轴/km | 短半轴/km | 方位角/(°) | 重心坐标 | 形状指数 | 面积/km2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 612.578 | 242.480 | 69.788 | 114°22'E,36°04'N | 0.396 | 466581.228 |
2010 | 592.760 | 240.711 | 70.393 | 114°34'E,35°59'N | 0.406 | 448195.087 |
2015 | 635.555 | 257.486 | 72.279 | 114°19'E,36°01'N | 0.405 | 514041.866 |
2020 | 657.854 | 279.872 | 76.636 | 114°04'E,36°06'N | 0.425 | 578343.083 |
表2
2005—2020年黄河流域绿色创新全局莫兰指数"
年份 | Z值 | P值 | 全局莫兰指数 | 年份 | Z值 | P值 | 全局莫兰指数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 2.817 | 0.002 | 0.272 | 2013 | 4.028 | 0.000 | 0.394 |
2006 | 4.632 | 0.000 | 0.456 | 2014 | 3.854 | 0.000 | 0.376 |
2007 | 4.046 | 0.000 | 0.396 | 2015 | 4.159 | 0.000 | 0.408 |
2008 | 3.910 | 0.000 | 0.383 | 2016 | 4.126 | 0.000 | 0.404 |
2009 | 3.561 | 0.000 | 0.348 | 2017 | 4.194 | 0.000 | 0.410 |
2010 | 4.239 | 0.000 | 0.416 | 2018 | 3.758 | 0.000 | 0.366 |
2011 | 4.072 | 0.000 | 0.399 | 2019 | 3.165 | 0.001 | 0.307 |
2012 | 3.878 | 0.000 | 0.379 | 2020 | 3.642 | 0.000 | 0.354 |
表3
变量描述性统计"
影响因素 | 因子选取 | 符号 | 均值 | 标准差 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 方差膨胀因子(VIF) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科技投入 | 科学技术支出/104元 | ln(x1) | 9.42 | 1.51 | 13.45 | 3.53 | 4.81 |
RD人员全时当量/人·a-1 | ln(x2) | 8.35 | 0.99 | 10.97 | 5.70 | 4.04 | |
经济基础 | 人均GDP/元 | ln(x3) | 10.37 | 0.76 | 12.46 | 7.78 | 3.79 |
第三产业占GDP比重/% | x4 | 38.63 | 10.80 | 74.14 | 11.38 | 1.94 | |
社会文化 | 职工平均工资/元 | ln(x5) | 10.54 | 0.55 | 11.83 | 8.99 | 4.91 |
公共图书馆藏书量/103册 | ln(x6) | 7.03 | 0.91 | 11.32 | 3.66 | 2.94 | |
环境质量 | 建成区绿化覆盖率/% | x7 | 36.55 | 8.07 | 71.81 | 1.64 | 1.61 |
工业SO2排放量/t | ln(x8) | 10.41 | 1.27 | 12.73 | 6.25 | 1.51 |
表4
空间杜宾模型结果"
变量 | 主效应项(t统计值) | 空间滞后项(t统计值) | 直接效应(t统计值) | 间接效应(t统计值) | 总效应(t统计值) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ln(x1) | 0.178***(0.0359) | -0.0149(0.0436) | 0.178***(0.0361) | -0.0263(0.0485) | 0.151**(0.0642) |
ln(x2) | 0.743***(0.0620) | 0.743***(0.0620) | 0.743***(0.0620) | -0.104*(0.0533) | 0.631***(0.0857) |
ln(x3) | 0.268***(0.0432) | 0.109(0.0832) | 0.278***(0.0421) | 0.153(0.0957) | 0.430***(0.106) |
x4 | 0.0206***(0.00255) | -0.0112***(0.00359) | 0.0204***(0.00272) | -0.00967**(0.00417) | 0.0107*(0.0056) |
ln(x5) | -0.489***(0.0766) | 0.138(0.193) | -0.498***(0.0822) | 0.0858(0.216) | -0.412(0.281) |
ln(x6) | 0.222***(0.0403) | 0.138**(0.0673) | 0.230***(0.0376) | 0.165**(0.0761) | 0.395***(0.0958) |
x7 | 0.00798***(0.0025) | 0.0119***(0.00408) | 0.00852***(0.00225) | 0.0134***(0.00473) | 0.0219**(0.0053) |
ln(x8) | 0.155***(0.0213) | -0.0503(0.0332) | 0.151***(0.0195) | -0.0441(0.0387) | 0.107***(0.0356) |
Spatial rho | 0.0876***(0.0336) | - | - | - | - |
N | 1296 | - | - | - | - |
R2 | 0.748 | - | - | - | - |
表5
区域异质性分析结果"
变量 | 黄河上游系数(t统计值) | 黄河中游系数(t统计值) | 黄河下游系数(t统计值) |
---|---|---|---|
ln(x1) | 0.00452***(0.000737) | 0.00353***(0.000425) | 0.00402***(0.000816) |
ln(x2) | 0.0411***(0.00892) | 0.0198***(0.00448) | 0.0184**(0.00836) |
ln(x3) | 0.000718***(0.000165) | -0.00138***(0.000304) | -0.00159(0.00120) |
x4 | 1.297***(0.307) | 2.596***(0.982) | -0.654(2.510) |
ln(x5) | 0.000334(0.000467) | 0.00185(0.00223) | 0.0202***(0.00638) |
ln(x6) | -0.0367***(0.00832) | 0.0412***(0.00460) | 0.0267***(0.00570) |
x7 | -1.093***(0.421) | -3.080***(0.990) | -2.910*(1.611) |
ln(x8) | 0.000103(0.0000880) | -0.000371*(0.000191) | -0.00106***(0.000235) |
Wxln(x1) | -0.00157(0.00319) | 0.00155(0.00154) | -0.00613***(0.00137) |
Wxln(x2) | -0.150***(0.0430) | 0.0209(0.0147) | 0.00858(0.0212) |
Wxln(x3) | 0.00478**(0.00197) | 0.00908***(0.00144) | -0.0184**(0.00774) |
Wx(x4) | 3.044(4.183) | 0.975(5.126) | -17.26(10.94) |
Wxln(x5) | -0.000257(0.000963) | -0.0417***(0.00684) | 0.0267(0.0194) |
Wxln(x6) | 0.0295(0.0522) | 0.0210**(0.0107) | 0.0773(0.0530) |
Wx(x7) | -5.813*(3.251) | -33.22***(6.586) | -45.14***(15.39) |
Wxln(x8) | -0.00333***(0.00114) | -0.000413(0.00116) | 0.00568***(0.00214) |
Spatial rho | -0.0846(0.123) | -0.840***(0.257) | -0.392***(0.105) |
N | 288 | 480 | 528 |
R2 | 0.729 | 0.304 | 0.849 |
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