Ecological carrying capacity monitoring and security pattern construction in the Aksu River Basin, Xinjiang
Received date: 2020-08-18
Revised date: 2021-04-12
Online published: 2021-09-22
As an inland river in the northwest arid zone, the Aksu River Basin hosts a fragile ecological environment. Studying its ecological security pattern is of great strategic significance for optimizing the national territory development and protection pattern, promoting the green transformation of production and lifestyle, and promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. On the basis of the background characteristics of the study area, a spatial principal component analysis was undertaken to evaluate and monitor the temporal and spatial evolution of the ecological carrying capacity of the Aksu River Basin in Xinjiang, China in 1980, 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018; the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) mode was used to extract ecological corridors and ecological nodes in order to construct a comprehensive pattern of ecological security. The research results show that (1) the ecological carrying capacity of the river basin has significant spatial variations. The ecological carrying capacity of the Aksu River Basin is, for the most part, classified as being of medium carrying capacity, and the area with the highest ecological carrying capacity shows a trend of shifting from the central and eastern regions toward the west. The areas of strongest carrying capacity are predominantly located in the middle of the river basin and are distributed along the river in a zigzag pattern. The ecological carrying capacity of the upper and lower reaches of the river is relatively weak. The strong load-bearing areas are mainly distributed along the Toshigan River, Kumarak River, and the alluvial plains of the Aksu River; weak load-bearing areas are predominantly distributed on the northwestern edge of the Taklimakan Desert, the Tarim Basin, and the southern part of the Tianshan Mountains. (2) The ecological carrying capacity of the basin has shown an increase over time: In the past 40 years, the overall ecological carrying capacity of the Aksu River Basin has shown an upward trend, the acreage of strong carrying areas has been increasing, and the acreage of weak carrying areas has shown a fluctuating downward trend. These trends indicate that the basin environment has improved. The ecological carrying capacities of Akqi County, Wensu County, Wushi County, and Aksu City have showed an upward trend, whereas that of Alar City has showed a downward trend, and that of Awati County has remained roughly unchanged. (3) The ecological source area occupies a relatively small area, and the distribution is relatively concentrated. Through the assessment of the ecological carrying capacity of the Aksu River Basin, 23465.21 km2 of ecological source area was finally extracted, accounting for approximately 35.61% of the study area. The ecological sources are concentrated in the central area of the basin, whereas they are less concentrated in the northern alpine areas, southwestern basins, and desert areas. (4) The ecological corridors are unevenly distributed, and the ecological nodes are relatively fragile. Using the MCR model and remote sensing images, the author divided the Aksu River Basin into 16 ecological security pattern zones, extracted 67 ecological corridors in the basin, and found that the ecological corridors are distributed around the river and predominantly concentrated in the central and eastern regions, with a small number present in the western region. The author also used commercial software to identify 71 ecological nodes, of which 20 are located between ecological sources, 16 are located in river flow areas, and 35 are located in mountain or piedmont areas. This work will make suggestions for optimizing the ecological spatial structure of the basin on the basis of the results of the evaluation of the ecological carrying capacity.
YANG Zhenmin,LIU Xinping . Ecological carrying capacity monitoring and security pattern construction in the Aksu River Basin, Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021 , 44(5) : 1489 -1499 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.05.29
[1] | 乌宁巴特, 刘新平, 马相平. 叶尔羌河流域土地生态脆弱性差异评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(3):849-858. |
[1] | [ Wuningbart, Liu Xinping, Ma Xiangping. Evaluation on the difference of land ecological vulnerability in the Yarkant River Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(3):849-858. ] |
[2] | 张学斌, 石培基, 罗君, 等. 基于景观格局的干旱内陆河流域生态风险分析--以石羊河流域为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(3):410-419. |
[2] | [ Zhang Xuebin, Shi Peiji, Luo Jun, et al. The ecological risk assessment of arid inland river basin at the landscape scale: A case study on Shiyang River Basin[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2014, 29(3):410-419. ] |
[3] | 魏光辉, 姜振盈, 张洛晨. 基于模糊综合评价的新疆阿克苏河流域环境承载力研究[J]. 浙江水利水电学院学报, 2018, 30(3):30-34. |
[3] | [ Wei Guanghui, Jiang Zhenying, Zhang Luochen. Assessment of water environmental carrying capacity in Akesu River Basin based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, 2018, 30(3):30-34. ] |
[4] | 张旭, 刘新华, 张桂林, 等. 新疆阿克苏河流域水资源承载力变化分析[J]. 水电能源科学, 2020, 38(9):44-47. |
[4] | [ Zhang Xu, Liu Xinhua, Zhang Guilin, et al. Analysis of change of water resources carrying capacity in the Aksu River Basin in Xinjiang[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2020, 38(9):44-47. ] |
[5] | 艾克旦·依萨克, 满苏尔·沙比提, 阿曼妮萨·库尔班, 等. 阿克苏河流域绿洲生态安全评价及影响因子分析[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2020, 43(7):217-223. |
[5] | [ Essak Akidan, Sabit Mansur, Kurban Amannisa, et al. Ecological security evaluation and impact factor analysis of oasis in Aksu River Basin[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2020, 43(7):217-223. ] |
[6] | 柏玲, 陈忠升, 王充, 等. 西北干旱区阿克苏河径流对气候波动的多尺度响应[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(5):799-806. |
[6] | [ Bai Ling, Chen Zhongsheng, Wang Chong, et al. Multi-scale response of runoff to climate change in the Aksu River Basin in arid area of the northwestern China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017, 37(5):799-806. ] |
[7] | 孙晓雷. 基于RS和GIS的阿克苏河流域土壤侵蚀研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(增刊1):418-421. |
[7] | [ Sun Xiaolei. Study on soil erosion of Aksu River Basin based on RS and GIS[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016, 39(Suppl.1):418-421. ] |
[8] | 蒋军新, 蔡明, 徐永军, 等. 新疆阿克苏河流域洪水演变趋势研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2021, 43(1):1-10. |
[8] | [ Jiang Junxin, Cai Ming, Xu Yongjun, et al. The changing nature of flooding in the Aksu River Basin[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2021, 43(1):1-10. ] |
[9] | 段峥嵘, 祖拜代·木依布拉, 夏建新, 等. 气候及土地类型变化条件下阿克苏绿洲耗水特征演变[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2018, 26(6):1203-1216. |
[9] | [ Duan Zhengrong, Muyibula Zubaidai, Xia Jianxin, et al. Water consumption characteristics and evolution in Aksu oasis under climate variations and land-use changes[J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2018, 26(6):1203-1216. ] |
[10] | 王生霞, 叶柏生, 丁永建, 等. 绿洲耗水对阿克苏河流域地表径流的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(2):203-210. |
[10] | [ Wang Shengxia, Ye Baisheng, Ding Yongjian, et al. The effect of water consumption on surface runoff in oasis in the Aksu River Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2013, 30(2):203-210. ] |
[11] | 孙可可, 陈青青, 陈超群, 等. 基于水资源干旱指数的阿克苏绿洲干旱预警模式及其应用[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2017, 36(5):84-89. |
[11] | [ Sun Keke, Chen Qingqing, Chen Chaoqun, et al. A drought index-based model and its application to Aksu oasis[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2017, 36(5):84-89. ] |
[12] | 王志成, 蒋军新, 方功焕, 等. 水资源约束下的阿克苏河流域适宜绿洲规模分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(4):986-992. |
[12] | [ Wang Zhicheng, Jiang Junxin, Fang Gonghuan, et al. Analysis on the suitable scale of the Aksu oasis under the limit of water resources[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(4):986-992. ] |
[13] | 张学渊, 魏伟, 颉斌斌, 等. 西北干旱区生态承载力监测及安全格局构建[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(11):2389-2402. |
[13] | [ Zhang Xueyuan, Wei Wei, Jie Binbin, et al. Ecological carrying capacity monitoring and security pattern construction in arid areas of northwest China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2019, 34(11):2389-2402. ] |
[14] | 尤朝辉. 基于系统动力学的淮南市生态承载力评价分析[D]. 合肥: 安徽建筑大学, 2018. |
[14] | [ You Chaohui. Evaluation and analysis of ecological carrying capacity of Huainan City based on system dynamics[D]. Hefei: Anhui Jianzhu University, 2018. ] |
[15] | 曹智, 闵庆文, 刘某承, 等. 基于生态系统服务的生态承载力: 概念、内涵与评估模型及应用[J]. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(1):1-11. |
[15] | [ Cao Zhi, Min Qingwen, Liu Moucheng, et al. Ecosystem-service-based ecological carrying capacity: Concept, content, assessment model and application[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(1):1-11. ] |
[16] | 高吉喜, 陈圣宾. 依据生态承载力优化国土空间开发格局[J]. 环境保护, 2014, 42(24):12-18. |
[16] | [ Gao Jixi, Chen Shengbin. Optimize the spacial structure based on ecological capacity[J]. Environmental Protection, 2014, 42(24):12-18. ] |
[17] | 杨斌, 王占岐, 姚小薇, 等. 鄂西北山区土地利用的地形梯度效应与空间结构特征[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2019, 28(2):313-321. |
[17] | [ Yang Bin, Wang Zhanqi, Yao Xiaowei, et al. Terrain gradient effect and spatial structure characteristics of land use in mountain areas of northwestern Hubei Province[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2019, 28(2):313-321. ] |
[18] | 施国萍, 何永健, 张眉, 等. 基于GridMet模型的浙江省温湿指数空间分布及地形影响分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2019, 21(12):1923-1933. |
[18] | [ Shi Guoping, He Yongjian, Zhang Mei, et al. Spatial distribution of THI in Zhejiang Province based on the GridMet model[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019, 21(12):1923-1933. ] |
[19] | 莫维燊. 基于土地资源承载力评价的国土空间优化研究--以广西宁明县为例[D]. 南宁: 南宁师范大学, 2019. |
[19] | [ Mo Weishen. National spatial optimization based on land resource carrying capacity evaluation: A case study of Guangxi Ningming County[D]. Nanning: Nanning Normal University, 2019. ] |
[20] | 廖炜, 李璐, 吴宜进, 等. 丹江口库区土地利用变化与生态环境脆弱性评价[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(11):1879-1889. |
[20] | [ Liao Wei, Li Lu, Wu Yijin, et al. Land use change and eco-environmental vulnerability evaluation in the Danjiangkou reservoir erea[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26(11):1879-1889. ] |
[21] | 俞孔坚, 王思思, 李迪华, 等. 北京市生态安全格局及城市增长预景[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(3):1189-1204. |
[21] | [ Yu Kongjian, Wang Sisi, Li Dihua, et al. The function of ecological security patterns as an urban growth framework in Beijing[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(3):1189-1204. ] |
[22] | 杨发鹏, 张雪唱, 李宗阳. 城市旅游“三生”竞争力空间分异--以西北五省为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(3):664-672. |
[22] | [ Yang Fapeng, Zhang Xuechang, Li Zongyang. Spatial differentiation of the “production-life-ecology” competitiveness in urban tourism: A case study of five provinces in northwest China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(3):664-672. ] |
[23] | 邓华, 邵景安, 王金亮, 等. 多因素耦合下三峡库区土地利用未来情景模拟. 地理学报, 2016, 71(11):1979-1997. |
[23] | [ Deng Hua, Shao Jing’an, Wang Jinliang, et al. Land use driving forces and its future scenario simulation in the three gorges reservoir area using CLUE-S model[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(11):1979-1997. ] |
[24] | 张红旗, 许尔琪, 朱会义. 中国“三生用地”分类及其空间格局[J]. 资源科学, 2015, 37(7):1332-1338. |
[24] | [ Zhang Hongqi, Xu Erqi, Zhu Huiyi. An ecological-living-industrial land classification system and its spatial distribution in China[J]. Resources Science, 2015, 37(7):1332-1338. ] |
/
〈 | 〉 |