At present,the overall level of urbanization in Xinjiang,China is relatively low,socioeconomic and urban-rural development is imbalanced,and the level of comprehensive public services lags behind those in eastern and central provinces of China. Analyzing the relationship between public services and urban-rural development as well as exploring the asymmetries between urban-rural regions will help optimize the coordination of resources,labor,capital,culture,information,and other elements dividing urban and rural regions,thus supporting the formulation of regional economic,urbanization,and public service policies based on scientific data. This paper is based on the principles of fairness,efficiency,and coordination of public service resources and combines analytic hierarchy process,entropy,and the cluster analysis method to establish a public service resource allocation and urban-rural mutual benefit evaluation index system for Xinjiang. In addition,this paper reveals the general and spatial characteristics of the coupling coordination degree between urban and rural areas by using the coupled coordination model. The results demonstrated that the fairness of spatial allocation of different types of public service facilities in different study units is different,and that spatial unfairness is more severe than population unfairness. The comprehensive benefits of public service resources and the urban-rural interaction development level can be divided into three types：low,general （medium）,and high. Spatial differentiation characteristics show that the southeast area is bigger than the northwest area,and the urban-rural interaction level of the Tianshan North Slope Economic Belt is higher. Most of the study area is undergoing a period of transitional development of mutual integration and run-in between the urban-rural interaction and public services. Moreover,few regions are undergoing a period of imbalance or recession where the two systems are mutually constrained. This paper further proposes measures to establish and improve an interactive urban-rural public service system,build a large,medium,and small multi-level urban spatial arrangement,strive for national policy support,and continue to improve and develop new basic public service growth points. Therefore,this study can help ensure the fairness and efficiency of the survival and development of urban and rural residents,while also promoting the coordinated development of public services and urban-rural interaction.
[1] 钮心毅,陈晨. 郊区城镇基本公共服务空间均等和公正的测度[J]. 城市规划,2018,42(10):42–50.
[NIU Xinyi,CHEN Chen.Measuring spatial equality and justice of basic services in suburban towns[J]. City Planning Review,2018,42(10):42–50.]
[2] 湛东升,张文忠,谌丽,等. 城市公共服务资源配置研究进展及趋向[J].地理科学进展,2019,38(4):506–519.
[ZHAN Dongsheng,ZHANG Wenzhong,CHEN Li,et al.Research progress and its enlightenment of urban public service facilities allocation[J]. Progress in Geography,2019,38(4):506–519.]
[3] CAO X,WANG D G.Environmental correlates of residential satisfaction:An exploration of mismatched neighbor-hood characteristics in the Twin Cities[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning,2016,150:26–35.
[4] DELL’OVO M,CAPOLONGO S,OPPIO A. Combining spatial analysis with MCDA for the siting of healthcare facilities[J]. Land Use Policy,2018,76:634–644.
[5] GAO F,KIHAL W,LE M N,et al.Does the edge effect impact on the measure of spatial accessibility to healthcare providers?[J]. International Journal of Health Geographics,2017,16(1):46.
[6] MONTGOMERY M C,CHAKRABORTY J,GRINESKI S E,et al.An environmental justice assessment of public beach access in Miami,Florida[J]. Applied Geography,2015,62:147–156.
[7] COOMBES E,JONES A P,HILLSDON M.The relationship of physical activity and overweight to objectively measured green space accessibility and use[J]. Social Science & Medicine,2010,70(6):816–822.
[8] 秦萧,甄峰,朱寿佳,等. 基于网络口碑度的南京城区餐饮业空间分布格局研究——以大众点评网为例[J]. 地理科学,2014,34(7):810–817.
[QIN Xiao,ZHEN Feng,ZHU Shoujia,et al.Spatial pattern of catering industry in Nanjing urban area based on the degree of public praise from internet:A case study of dianping.com[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2014,34(7):810–817.]
[9] 蒋海兵,张文忠,韦胜. 公共交通影响下的北京公共服务资源可达性[J]. 地理科学进展,2017,36(10):1239–1249.
[JIANG Haibing,ZHANG Wenzhong,WEI Sheng.Public service facility accessibility as influenced by public transportation in Beijing[J]. Progress in Geography,2017,36(10):1239–1249.]
[10] 田莉,王博祎,欧阳伟,等. 外来与本地社区公共服务资源供应的比较研究—基于空间剥夺的视角[J]. 城市规划,2017,41(3):77–83.
[TIAN Li,WANG Boyi,OUYANG Wei,et al.A comparative study on urban public service facilities supply between local and migrant communities:A perspective of spatial deprivation[J]. City Planning Review,2017,41(3):77–83.]
[11] 史卫东,赵林.山东省基本公共服务质量测度及空间格局特征[J]. 经济地理,2015,35(6):32–37.
[SHI Weidong,ZHAO Lin.The measure of the quality of basic public services in Shandong Province and its spatial patterns[J]. Economic Geography,2015,35(6):32–37.]
[12] 徐金燕,范学工,蒋利平. 我国城市社区公共服务居民满意度的现状及其影响因素研究——以长沙市为例[J]. 城市发展研究,2015,22(2):7–10.
[XU Jinyan,FAN Xuegong,JIANG Liping.The analysis of status and factors about resident satisfaction in China’s urban community public service:Take Changsha City as the example[J]. Urban Development Studies,2015,22(2):7–10.]
[13] 李雪梅. 新疆绿洲城镇组群内部经济联系及空间差异测得研究[J]. 干旱区地理,2019,42(1):180–186.
[LI Xuemei.Measuring of internal economic relation and space difference of oasis town groups in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography,2019,42(1):180–186.]
[14] 吴文婕,张小雷,杨兆萍,等. 基于社会需求与交通可达性的新疆通勤机场布局研究[J]. 干旱区地理,2017,40(5):1097–1104.
[WU Wenjie,ZHANG Xiaolei,YANG Zhaoping,et al.Commuter airport layout of Xinjiang based on the social need & traffic accessibility[J]. Arid Land Geography,2017,40(5):1097–1104.]
[15] 李智,张小林,陈媛,等. 基于城乡相互作用的中国乡村复兴研究[J]. 经济地理,2017,37(6):144–150.
[LI Zhi,ZHANG Xiaolin,CHEN Yuan,et al.Research on China’s rural revival based on the interaction between urban and rural areas[J]. Economic Geography,2017,37(6):144–150.]
[16] 刘晶,何伦志. 丝绸之路经济带核心区新型城镇化驱动因素量化分析与对策—基于LASSO的变量筛选[J]. 干旱区地理,2019,42(6):1478–1485.
[LIU Jing,HE Lunzhi.Quantitative analysis of new-type urbanization driving factors and countermeasures in the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt:Based on LASSO screening method[J]. Arid Land Geography,2019,42(6):1478–1485.]
[17] 新疆维吾尔自治区统计局. 新疆统计年鉴[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
[The Statistics Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Statistics of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press,2018.]
[18] 杨宏山. 城市管理学[M]. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2013.
[YANG Hongshan.City management[M]. Beijing:Renmin University of China Press,2013.]
[19] 刘承良,薛帅君. 上海市主城区公共服务资源网点分布的空间异质性[J]. 人文地理,2019,134(1):122–130.
[LIU Chengliang,XUE Shuaijun.Spatial heterogeneity of public service facilities in central Shanghai[J]. Human Geography,2019,134(1):122–130.]
[20] 马慧强,王清,弓志刚. 京津冀基本公共服务均等化水平测度及时空格局演变[J]. 干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(11):64–69.
[MA Huiqiang,WANG Qing,GONG Zhigang.The spatiotemporal evolution of basic public services equalization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(11):64–69.]
[21] 韩增林,李彬,张坤领. 中国城乡基本公共服务均等化及其空间格局分析[J]. 地理研究,2015,34(11):2035–2048.
[HAN Zenglin,LI Bin,ZHANG Kunling.Evaluation and spatial analysis of the equalization of basic public service in urban and rural areas in China[J]. Geographical Research,2015,34(11):2035–2048.]
[22] 叶超,陈明星. 国外城乡关系理论演变及其启示[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境,2008,18(1):34–39.
[YE Chao,CHEN Mingxing.Review about the theoretical evolvement of rural-urban relations[J]. China Population,Resources and Environment,2008,18(1):34–39.]
[23] 吴涛,李同昇,芮旸,等. 陕西省城乡关联发展与基础设施建设动态关系分析[J]. 经济地理,2011,31(12):2021–2027.
[WU Tao,LI Tongsheng,RUI Yang,et al.Dynamic analysis of the relationship between urban-rural integration development and infrastructure construction in Shaanxi Province[J]. Economic Geography,2011,31(12):2021–2027.]
[24] 鲍超,邹建军. 中国西北地区城镇化质量的时空变化分析[J]. 干旱区地理,2019,42(5):1141–1152.
[BAO Chao,ZOU Jianjun.Spatiotemporal variations of urbanization quality in northwest China[J]. Arid Land Geography,2019,42(5):1141–1152.]
[25] 马慧强,王清. 中国地级以上城市经济发展与基本公共服务协调性空间格局[J]. 干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(9):72–77.
[MA Huiqiang,WANG Qing.Spatial pattern of coordination between economic development and basic public service in prefecture-level cities of China[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(9):72–77.]
[26] 钟佳利,杨德刚,霍金炜. 乌昌地区基本公共服务失配度时空格局演化及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理,2019,42(5):1205–1212.
[ZHONG Jiali,YANG Degang,HUO Jinwei.Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of basic public service mismatch in Urumqi-Changji region[J]. Arid Land Geography,2019,42(5):1205–1212.]
