Located in the northwest Xinjiang,China,the Tarim River Basin with an area of about 102×104 km2 is the heart of China's Silk Road Economic Belt. During the past 50 years,the Tarim River Basin has experienced extensive development of water and soil resources.Along with the economic and social development,negative ecological effects including terminated rivers,dried-up lakes,intensified desertification,and loss of biodiversity have been aggravated,threatening the socio-economic development of the Tarim River Basin and the Silk Road Economic Belt.Given these ecological issues in the Tarim River Basin,the State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology has carried out long-term ecological monitoring and investigation.Based on the monitoring data and extensive investigation,the dependence of the desert riparian vegetation on groundwater level was illustrated,the degradation processes of the ecosystem were revealed,and reasonable/stressed/critical groundwater level and ecological water demand were proposed in the lower reaches of the Tarim River.In addition,the key technologies for ecological restoration and reconstruction of the degraded ecosystems were proposed,promoted and applied widely.The proposed construction plan for key eco-engineering was included in the Water Resources Planning in Southern Xinjiang implemented by the government of Xinjiang.Recommendations on water resources management have been adopted and implemented by the state.Science and technology can effectively support the ecological restoration and sustainable management of the Tarim River Basin,providing an important scientific basis and demonstration model for the ecological civilization construction along the Silk Road Economic Belt.
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