Abstract: With socioeconomic development and population growth，under the drive of enormous water demand，the water resource allocation contradictions between Central Asia countries become increasingly prominent，which have seriously hindered the social economic development and regional social stability，or even seriously affect the relations among the Central Asia countries. Different water resources utilization strategy will influence the water resources allocation in Central Asia countries around the Aral Sea Basin. It is vital for the regional sustainable development and social security. In this paper the method of game analysis was used to analyze the water resource allocation problems in Aral Sea Basin. Based on analyzing the water resources situation，a systematic cooperation course between Central Asia countries is presented，different water demands and water policies are described and analyzed in detail and a game analysis is done to analyze the countries’ pros and cons under different strategies. It is considered that Central Asia countries get into water resource allocation predicament because of the uncoordinated benefit relationship，they face “Prisoners Dilemma” now. Since “Coordination Game” could make each country get the best reward，it should be the first choice to make them out of the “Prisoners Dilemma”. At last points out that in order to realize the true sense of the cooperation between countries and solve the water resources allocation and utilization issues fundamentally，governments should enhance mutual confidence and change their ideas，let the distribution of benefit instead the distribution of water quantity. This paper introduced a new research method，game analysis，analyzed the water resources issue in a view of benefit distribution，which would provide a new idea for the solve of water resource issue in Central Asia.

Key words: Central Asia； , Aral Sea Basin； , water resource allocation； , game analysis