贺兰山东麓绿洲多层次土壤水分亏缺及其影响因素的时空分析

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Spatio-temporal analysis of multi-layered soil moisture deficit and its influencing factors in the oases at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountains

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doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.242

Abstract:

In the oases at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountains, Ningxia, China, known as the “Jiangnan on the Frontier”, soil moisture is a critical limiting factor affecting ecological preservation and high-quality socio-economic development. Based on soil moisture data from ten layers (0-100 cm), multidimensional analyses were conducted on the spatiotemporal distribution, evolution characteristics, and influencing factors of soil moisture deficit in this region using methods such as spatiotemporal trend analysis and partial regression analysis. This approach enhances the understanding of the correlation and interactive effects of soil moisture changes at different depths. The results indicated that the degree of soil moisture deficit in various layers had intensified over the past 20 years. As soil depth increased, soil moisture in the northern and southern oases exhibited distinct multidimensional spatial distribution patterns: deficit-surplus-deficit-surplus-deficit and deficit-surplus-deficit, respectively. Additionally, they followed spatiotemporal evolution trends of wetting-drying-wetting and wetting-drying. The influences of precipitation (PRE) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on soil moisture across different layers gradually weakened, while the influence of temperature (TMP) first strengthened and then weakened, and the influence of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) gradually increased. In summary, soil moisture at different depths and its influencing factors exhibited regular and multidimensional spatiotemporal variation patterns. The 0-10 cm layer was strongly positively influenced by PRE, whereas the 10-30 cm and 30-100 cm layers were significantly negatively affected by TMP and NDVI, respectively.

Key words: standardized soil moisture index, soil moisture deficit, spatio-temporal variability, multidimensional structure, oases at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountains

HOU Ying, LIU Wenhui, CHU Yang, MA Xiaojuan, YAO Shiyu, NI Tongxin. Spatio-temporal analysis of multi-layered soil moisture deficit and its influencing factors in the oases at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(4): 649-660.

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数据类型	数据来源	数据分辨率	数据预处理
SMCI土壤水分	中国范围内1 km高质量土壤湿度数据集（国家青藏高原科学数据中心，http://data. tpdc.ac.cn）	日尺度；1 km×1 km；0~100 cm，10 cm 为间隔，共10个土层	由日值数据合并为年值数据
ERA5土壤水分	ERA5 Land数据集（https://cds.climate. copernicus.eu/datasets/reanalysis-era5-land- monthly-means?tab=overview）	月尺度；0.1°×0.1°；4层土壤水分（0~ 7 cm，7~28 cm，28~100 cm，100~289 cm）	由月值数据合并为年值数据，数据重采样至1 km×1 km
降水量（PRE）
气温（TMP）
大气饱和水汽压差（VPD）	TerraClimate数据集（http://www.climato- logylab.org/terraclimate.html）	月尺度；约0.04°×0.04°	由月值数据合并为年值数据，数据重采样至1 km×1 km
归一化植被指数（NDVI）	MODIS数据集（https://ladsweb.modaps. eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/products/MOD13A3）	月尺度；1 km×1 km	由月值数据合并为年值数据

多维结构特征及影响因素	绿洲北部的银川平原（随土层深度增加）		绿洲南部的卫宁平原（随土层深度增加）
多维结构特征及影响因素	银川平原北部	银川平原南部	绿洲南部的卫宁平原（随土层深度增加）
多维空间结构	亏→盈→亏→盈→亏		亏→盈→亏
多维时空演变结构	湿润化→干旱化→湿润化		湿润化→干旱化
PRE影响因素	强正向影响→弱负向影响	强正向影响→弱正向影响	较强正向影响→无影响
TMP影响因素	弱正向影响→较强负向影响→无影响	较强正向影响→强负向影响→弱负向影响	弱正向影响→较强负向影响→无影响
VPD影响因素	无影响或弱正向影响	较强负向影响→无影响	无影响或弱正向影响
NDVI影响因素	较强正向影响→较强负向影响	弱正向影响→较强负向影响	弱正向影响→较强负向影响

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