内蒙古中部地区风电场风速特性及尾流效应计算

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.289

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the characteristics of wind farm wake effects and their relationship with meteorological conditions, 33 wind turbines from a wind farm in central Inner Mongolia, China were selected for analysis. Wind resource assessment parameters, including average wind speed, wind direction, and wind frequency distribution, were statistically analyzed from 2021 to 2023. Using the Jensen wake model, wind speeds in the wake area were calculated for different wind directions, with a focus on the refined dominant wind direction. The correlation between wind speeds and meteorological factors, accounting for wake effects, was also explored. The findings are as follows: (1) From 2021 to 2023, the wind farm in central Inner Mongolia was predominantly influenced by southwest winds. High-frequency wind directions shifted from west to south throughout the year. Monthly wind directions were relatively stable, with concentrated wind directions and small wind speed variations. The average wind speed was highest under the dominant wind direction, and the wind speed frequency curve exhibited a positively skewed distribution. (2) Under average wind speeds for each direction, turbines most affected by the wake experienced wind speed losses exceeding 10%. More than half of the turbines were affected by wake effects under northwest and southeast winds, with the most significant losses occurring in the northeasterly downstream positions of the wind farm. Wind speed reductions were particularly pronounced under westerly winds. (3) The impact of barometric pressure, air temperature, and humidity on daily wind speed variation differed across wind directions. For southwest winds, the wake model performed best in the 4-5 m·s^-1 wind speed range, with the average absolute percentage error of wind speed negatively correlated with relative humidity. For northwest winds in the 9-10 m·s^-1 range, the wake model calculations closely matched measured wind speeds, with errors positively correlated with barometric pressure and temperature. In addition, the wake model performed well in the 9-10 m·s^-1 and 7-8 m·s^-1 ranges for southeast and northeast winds, respectively. These results provide valuable insights into the analysis of wind turbine wake effects and wind speed predictions for wind farms.

Key words: wind farm, wind speed, wind direction, wake effect, meteorological factor

JIA Xiaohong, SHI Lan, HAO Yuzhu. Wind speed characteristics and wake effect calculation of the wind farm in the central region of Inner Mongolia[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(3): 421-433.

Figures/Tables 14

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References 32

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风向	最大尾流损失风电机组编号	5 m·s^-1来流风速时最大损失率/%	8 m·s^-1来流风速时最大损失率/%
西北（NW）	31	17.4	16.9
西南（SW）	12	14.2	13.8
东南（SE）	32	17.4	16.9
东北（NE）	11	14.2	13.8

气象因子	NW风向	SW风向	SE风向	NE风向
气压	0.86	0.96	0.91	0.90
气温	0.89	0.97	0.91	0.94
湿度	-0.95	-0.96	-0.89	-0.88

风速/m·s^-1	SW风向				NW风向
风速/m·s^-1	误差/%	气压/kPa	气温/℃	湿度/%	误差/%	气压/kPa	气温/℃	湿度/%
4	5.27	99.41	2.81	44.88	6.07	99.64	10.34	31.94
5	5.43	99.35	1.33	45.12	2.68	99.58	8.55	34.36
6	10.06	99.28	-1.54	45.65	1.58	99.52	6.50	39.90
7	8.52	99.30	-0.37	43.95	1.72	99.52	6.46	38.85
8	8.49	99.33	0.53	44.49	1.69	99.55	7.54	36.00
9	10.22	99.34	1.38	44.00	1.07	99.56	7.74	34.46
10	9.76	99.39	3.17	42.54	0.46	99.56	8.32	34.21
11	10.50	99.35	2.08	41.59	1.90	99.45	4.47	36.72
12	11.25	99.36	2.37	42.26	0.96	99.46	5.46	34.54
13	11.18	99.43	4.92	38.08	1.57	99.49	6.35	32.60
14	10.39	99.40	4.01	37.16	1.79	99.54	8.17	30.45
15	9.62	99.37	3.13	38.09	0.96	99.39	2.68	32.57
16	10.76	99.40	4.30	36.98	1.19	99.38	2.79	32.26

风速/m·s^-1	SE风向				NE风向
风速/m·s^-1	误差/%	气压/kPa	气温/℃	湿度/%	误差/%	气压/kPa	气温/℃	湿度/%
4	1.36	99.52	7.39	43.87	2.18	99.54	7.20	39.98
5	6.77	99.55	8.63	44.09	0.89	99.54	7.47	42.00
6	5.23	99.61	10.28	43.07	2.06	99.51	6.59	41.93
7	4.88	99.64	12.17	41.67	0.45	99.55	8.32	42.54
8	2.35	99.71	14.48	41.32	0.37	98.43	9.49	64.79
9	1.73	99.70	14.62	37.58	2.11	99.48	5.70	42.95
10	1.63	99.66	13.49	36.29	0.93	99.60	9.44	37.76
11	4.64	99.64	12.66	42.96	2.14	99.64	10.99	41.75
12	5.94	99.68	13.42	38.74	1.99	99.62	10.24	57.62

Wind speed characteristics and wake effect calculation of the wind farm in the central region of Inner Mongolia

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