基于环境质量指数的塔里木河下游生态输水效益评估

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.075

Abstract

Abstract:

The environmental quality index (EQI) is a comprehensive metric for evaluating the quality of the natural environment, integrating components such as climate, water resources, soil, topography, and biodiversity. Using data from satellite imagery, field observations, and published literature, EQI of the lower reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang, China in 2000, 2010 and 2020 was calculated by entropy, principal component analysis, and hierarchical analysis methods. The findings revealed that: (1) Ecological water conveyance significantly improved the natural environmental quality in the lower reaches of Tarim River from 2000 to 2020. High EQI regions were primarily concentrated near riverbanks and the lake basin. (2) From 2000 to 2010, environmental quality improvement was more pronounced, with 15620 km² increase in improved areas, compared to 13831 km² increase from 2010 to 2020. (3) The EQI classified as poor (EQI<0.4) and very good (EQI≥0.8) increased significantly, whereas the below-average (0.4≤EQI<0.5) and good (0.6≤EQI<0.8) EQI classes showed no significant change. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the overall ecological water conveyance strategy in enhancing environmental quality by reducing low and medium EQI areas and expanding high EQI areas.

Key words: environmental quality index, comprehensive assessment, multi-source data, lower reaches of Tarim River

Ailikemu SILAYIN, Anwar EZIZ, Tajiguli KASIMU, SHI Zhiwen, XU Junyu, Ziwargul KIBIR, Umut HALIK, Alishir KURBAN. Evaluation of the ecological water conveyance benefits in the lower reaches of Tarim River based on environmental quality index[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(1): 31-42.

Figures/Tables 9

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自然环境要素	指标	数据来源	年份	指标属性	空间分辨率/m
气候/气象	地表温度	资源环境科学数据平台（www.resdc.cn/DOI/DOI.aspx?DOIID=98）	2000，2010，2020	负向	1000
气候/气象	地表温度标准差	用3 km×3 km的滑动窗口来计算标准差	2000，2010，2020	负向	1000
土壤	土壤湿度	PIE ENGINE网站（https://engine.piesat.cn/dataset-list）	2002，2010，2018	正向	5400
	地表湿度指数	基于Landsat 7/8 OLI计算	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
	土壤全氮	土地科学数据中心（http://soil.geodata.cn）	2000，2010，2018	正向	90
	土壤全磷	土地科学数据中心（http://soil.geodata.cn）	2000，2010，2018	正向	90
	土壤有机碳	土地科学数据中心（http://soil.geodata.cn）	2000，2010，2018	正向	90
	土壤pH	土地科学数据中心（http://soil.geodata.cn）	2000，2010，2018	正向	90
沙漠化	裸地面积	资源环境科学数据平台（www.resdc.cn/DOI/DOI.aspx?DOIID=54）	2000，2010，2020	负向	30
盐渍化地	土壤指数	基于Landsat 8 OLI计算	2000，2010，2020	负向	30
生物多样性	叶面积指数	Earth Data网站（ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov）	2000，2010，2020	正向	1000
	归一化植被指数，增强植被指数，土壤调节植被指数	基于Landsat 7/8 OLI计算	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
	物种丰富度	以往研究^{[31⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-37]}	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
	Simpson多样性指数	以往研究^{[31⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-37]}	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
	Shannon-Weiner多样性指数	以往研究^{[31⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-37]}	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
水资源	水域面积	Global Surface Water网站（https://global-surface-water.appspot.com）	2000，2010，2020	正向	30
水资源	地下水埋深	以往研究^{[31⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-37]}	2000，2010，2020	负向	30

环境质量等级		2000年
环境质量等级		差		很差		较差		良好		一般
2010年	差	709.80		42.09		142.22		18.82		282.34
	很差	0.49		1470.10		93.02		-		-
	较差	199.70		192.85		459.94		-		5.11
	较好	-		0.14		-		79.44		0.01
	良好	41.52		8.17		49.85		219.12		138.99
	一般	238.40		15.72		57.02		31.74		345.59
环境质量等级		2010年
环境质量等级		差	很差		较差		较好		良好		一般
2020年	差	349.66	39.24		170.70		-		10.31		107.36
	很差	290.14	1345.17		295.78		-		0.09		49.17
	很好	0.07	-		-		40.29		7.66		0.06
	较差	106.51	142.47		235.03		-		3.22		30.92
	较好	14.18	-		6.18		31.18		72.73		5.07
	良好	141.31	17.85		76.21		8.08		313.84		213.88
	一般	292.68	18.50		73.57		-		49.42		281.98

Evaluation of the ecological water conveyance benefits in the lower reaches of Tarim River based on environmental quality index

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