Abstract: Urbanization is an important process for redistribution of productive factors in space and optimal resource allocation. The content of urbanization not only means centralization of population, but also means the change of economy, space, land, people's livelihood, public service, ecological environment, and is an important symbol of national modernization degree. The current policy named new type urbanization in China emphasizes on people's livelihood development rather than population urbanization and land urbanization. Development speed and optimal distribution of basic public service resource are significant in improving urbanization quality, especially for western region in China where the urbanization rate and basic public service development are usually very low. Therefore, in this paper, taking Gansu Province as an example, the development level of basic public service was evaluated by entropy method. The major indicators of basic public service evaluation system include infrastructure, educational and medical resources. Then a coupling model between basic public service and population urbanization was proposed. Technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the basic public service system, population urbanization system and the total system in Gansu Province were investigated using network DEA model, and the spatial-temporal differences of technical efficiency were analyzed. The results show as follows:(1)Urbanization level of Gansu Province has been improved, but the development of the infrastructure, the educational and medical resource level in basic public service lagged and the overall system development level was low. The efficiency of basic public service system in different regions decreased slightly, while efficiency of population urbanization increased obviously, and the efficiency of total system increased smoothly and slightly in 2005-2014. The efficiency of population urbanization system was superior to the efficiency of basic public service system and the total system.(2)The regional difference of the efficiency of population urbanization system in Gansu Province decreased, but a remarkable regional difference existed for basic public service efficiency. The regional differences of efficiency of basic public service and the overall system increased at first and then decreased in the past ten years. The same temporal change characteristics of efficiency's standard deviation between basic public service and the overall system reveals that the regional difference of the basic public service system was the major reason for regional difference of the overall system.(3)During the construction process of new type urbanization in Gansu Province, more attention should be paid on the basic public service system. Optimizing the regional fiscal expenditure scale and structure, narrowing the regional differences of technical efficiency and development level of basic public service system are the inevitably choices for achieving harmonious development of basic public service and population urbanization. This paper has a certain referring significance for the undeveloped areas to achieve proper allocation of resources and harmonious development of multi-system in the progress of new type urbanization.

Key words: entropy method, network DEA model, basic public service, population urbanization