Abstract: There are close relations between plants distribution and regional climate. Xinjiang is characterized for the various regional climate features and distinctive medicinal plants resources because of the abundant topography and landforms. The relationships between the geographical distribution pattern of medical plants and regional climate characteristics are discussed through medical plants distribution and regional climate characteristics. Based on the data of The Third Survey Of Chinese Medicine Resources，the spatial distribution of main traditional Chinese medicine plants such as Glycyrrhiza，Lithospermum，Ephedra，Cistanche，Lycium and so on is presented. According to the topography and climatic conditions. Xinjiang is divided into five regions of medicine plants as Altay，Ili，Turpan and Hami，Hotan and Kashi，Bayingolin. The paper analyzed the species richness and species diversity indices base on the climate characteristics analysis diagram the space classified of with ArcGIS. The results show that Tianshan Mountains is a major region of wild medicinal materials which has the highest species richness. In addition，the annual average temperature and accumulated temperature of southern Xinjiang is higher than that of northern Xinjiang because of to the barrier function of Tianshan Mountains and the different underlying surface in southern and northern of Xinjiang. The precipitation on western Xinjiang is more than that on eastern region，because the rainfall from the Atlantic is difficult to reach the inland of Xinjiang due to the long way and the barrier of mountains. Relative humidity has the same state as precipitation，while the average annual sunshine has the opposite trend. Two regions in Xinjiang have unique features. The first one is Ili-Tacheng Prefecture with rich wild medicine plants in Xinjiang due to a mild climate and abundant rainfall. Another region is Kashi Prefecture with the January high temperature which can ensure the medical plants to survive during the cold winter.

Key words: topography, medicinal materials distribution, regional climate characteristics