Abstract: Hexi Corridor plays a very import part in the national economy of Gansu Province. It is the main agricultural production base of Gansu and it is one of the 12 commodity food grain bases in China. It has a great status during exploiting and constructing the northwest region. But Hexi is originally a ecologically vulnerable belt because of its special geographic location and climatic situation. In recent years human activities has been quickening the deterioration of the ecological environment, so it is an inevitable and arduous task for Hexi to reconstruct the destroyed ecological environment and develop the social economy.
During reconstructing ecological environment and developing social economy, the Hexi people gain great achievements in the north China shelter forests, the countrywide sand-control projects, the farmland and irrigation works, the comprehensive agricultural exploitation etc. On the other hand, there are still some problems： the water resources is diminishing and the ground water level is descending, the water conflicts between the industry and the agriculture are increasingly severe; the artificial woods and grasses are withering away, the area of the natural vegetation is badly reducing; Land desertification, farmland salinification and alkalization are still grievous, "sands move forward so the people move back, the people move back so sands move forward", such malignant circulation has been going on; Natural disasters occur frequently and the economic loss is tremendous; Environmental pollution is pricking up; The social and economic issues are relatively protruding. In addition, the developmental opportunities with which Hexi is confronted are also been discussed：the Central Government bring forward the strategy of rebuilding a northwest region of beautiful rivers and mountains, and the government of Gansu Province has laid down the strategy of rebuilding Hexi and carried it into execution; the planning of constructing the countrywide ecological environment has been discussed and approved and the Hexi is in the list of the regions which need to be emphatically constructed.
In a word, although the opportunities and problems are coexistent, the opportunities are more than the challenges for Hexi, so all levels of government and the people in Hexi should make good use of the hard-won development opportunities to rebuild the natural ecological environment which should give priority to the water resources and water environment, at the same time the ecological rebuilding should be combined organically with industrial rebuilding, economic rebuilding, structural rebuilding and technological rebuilding. The equal attention should be paid to reconstructing ecological environment and developing the social economy. This is the only way that will make Hexi attain finally sustainable development.

Key words: ecological reconstruction, economic sustainable development, Hexi Corridor