Abstract: This paper, following the general problems of glaciology given, presented the basic condi- tions of debris flow formation in Xinjiang under arid circumstances：i. e. large amount of loose Quaternary deposits and glaciers；glacioaqueous sediments；great differences in altitude between mountain peaks and lowlands；rainstorms in the mountain areas；ice-and snow-melt water；as well as the frequent earthquake activities etc.
The debris flow activities in Xinjiang occur mainly as rainstorm and glacier debris flow due to the influences of latitude and vapour sources. For the distribution from north to south, extensively display in three zones；AltaiMountains. and Tacheng Basin；Tianshan Mountains Aerjing Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.
In the same time, the paper also presented the disasters of debris flow in Xinjiang in the 40 years and analysed the causes, scales and the damages. Researches were also made on reappearance properties of debris flow in Kunlun Mountains and Tianshan Mountains.
According to the research, the study on debris flow should be taken seriously into consideration because of its disasters to national economy and people livehood will be no less than that of earthquakes.
At last, in view of the disasters in Xinjiang caused by debris flow, protection principles and methods were raised.