Abstract: The work mainly deals with the vertical soil sequence of varied feature of organic matter nature in the northwestern Altai mountains, The results arennma ifested that the contentnofnorganic matter and total nitrogen in the surface soil are gettin gmore and more with the increasing of sea level elevation, whearas the cation exchange capacity in the surface layer of the chernozen is higher than that in the surface layer of the soil.The hydrothermal conditions of the chernozen in the vertical soil sequence are most suitable for accumulation of organic matter, hence the soil is characterized by the high organic matter, the thick humus layer, the complex humic acid molecules.