Abstract: The base of land with moisture index（ Rainfall／potential evapotranspiration）less than 0.6 and accumulated temperature（over 0℃） less than 3000 ℃ embodies the pastoral area of China.In this vast area, farming is very much limited but there are various kinds of agroclimatic resonrses for pastoral production.Based on a great amout of survey results on grasses and animals and climatic data collected, the climatic cause for the formation of pastoral area in China, the relationships between the types, productivity, quality of pasture field the activities of livestock, the products of animal husbandry and the climatic conditions are discussed and some main pastoral climatic problems are outlined.