Abstract: the tree-ring sampling，the feature of the chronological table and the moisture information in the chronological table in desert and mountain area have been compared and analysed in this paper．Three conclusions have been obtained．
1）The sampling methods vary with the places of sampling．The stress is laid on the distance to river and the height of terrain in desert，while the upp-er and lower limit of forest belt and other factors are emphasized in mountain area．
2）The sensitivity of the chronological table in desert is larger than that in mountain area，whereas the self correlation and mutual correlation are smaller， and the low frequency period of the table is shorter than that in mountain area．
3）The moisture limit factor is the volume of flow in the table of desert， but the precipitation in mountain area．The information of flow is more than that of precipitation，though on the contrary in mountain area．