Abstract: The engineering projects in the hinterland of Gurbantunggut desert always make disturbing belts. In order to protect natural ecosystem and control the blown sand, the preventing system is set up followed the destruction of land surface. In this paper, based on the field measurement of erosion and deposition along the profiles on disturbing surface and in preventing system, sand surface change in straw barrier protection system is discussed. Plants states are studied as well. The following results are obtained. (1) The quantity of active intensity on bare sand surface is as 5 times as stabilized surface during Apr. to May in 2001.The former reaches 6.2 cm and the latter only 1.2 cm. (2) On bare sand surface, the intervals arrange of erosion and deposition region means that sands have an interaction and a together movement. In straw barrier system, erosion usually occurs in the central part of check-board and deposition at the base of straw. The decrease of active intensity with time in preventing system means that the steady concave surface has been formed. (3) Herbages, especially ephemerals and ephemeroides can entrance into straw barrier system naturally. Species and population increase with time. There were 15 species and 249 plants along the profile in 2001.They reached 19 and 1338 in 2002.The settlement of arbor and shrub need further research. (4) Total number of plants distributed on the north part of the water channel is more than the south. The soil water condition on the south part is worse than the north. The result may be affected by tendency of line engineer project and wind regime.

Key words: sand surface change, natural species entrance, straw barrier system, Gurbantonggute Desert