不同区域天山云杉林土壤养分随海拔分布规律及评价

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.130

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the spatial variability of soil nutrients under Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica forests and provide a scientific basis for forest health evaluation, an experiment was conducted across four study areas located along different longitude ranges from east to west on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains. Sample lines and plots were established along elevation gradients, and soil samples were collected to analyze nutrient distribution patterns and differences across regions and elevations. The results indicated the following: (1) Elevation had a certain influence on the distribution of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus content. (2) Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus contents were significantly positively correlated. (3) Based on a comprehensive evaluation, the ranking of soil nutrient content across different elevations, from highest to lowest, was as follows: Mid-high elevation (96.3 points), high elevation (95.5 points), mid elevation (95.0 points), mid-low elevation (88.5 points), and low elevation (79.4 points); across different regions, the soil nutrient rankings, were: Western Tianshan (93.4 points), mid-eastern Tianshan (91.4 points), mid-western Tianshan (91.0 points), and central Tianshan (88.0 points). (4) Total potassium content exhibited more stable distribution across elevations, with minimal influence from elevation factors. (5) Overall, soil nutrient levels under Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica forests on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains were generally abundant although certain differences still existed across elevations and regions. The highest nutrient content was observed in western Tianshan and the mid-high elevation zone.

Key words: northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica forests, soil nutrients beneath forests, altitude, nutrient rating

XU Dong, CHEN Hao, Yeerjiang BAIKETUERHAN, WANG Qiang. Distribution patterns and evaluation of soil nutrients in Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica forests across different regions and altitudes[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(8): 1502-1510.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 30

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区域	经度/°E	纬度/°N	海拔/m	年均气温/℃	年均降水量/mm
天山中东部	89.02	43.77	1700~2700	2.33	203.60
天山中部	86.80	43.38	1700~2700	-2.74	228.39
天山中西部	84.35	44.13	1700~2700	4.70	222.74
天山西部	82.87	43.13	1700~2700	7.46	256.60

指标	极丰富	丰富	一般	贫乏	极贫乏
有机质含量	≥40.00	30.00~39.99	20.00~29.99	10.00~19.99	≤9.99
全氮含量	≥2.00	1.50~1.99	1.00~1.49	0.75~0.99	≤0.74
全磷含量	≥1.00	0.80~0.99	0.60~0.79	0.40~0.59	≤0.39
全钾含量	≥25.00	20.00~24.99	15.00~19.99	10.00~14.99	≤9.99

区域	指标	最小值/g·kg^-1	最大值/g·kg^-1	平均值±标准差/g·kg^-1	变异系数/%
天山中东部	有机质含量	33.90	152.00	111.40±33.09	29.70
	全氮含量	1.39	12.30	6.14±2.66	43.32
	全磷含量	0.47	1.13	0.80±0.17	21.25
	全钾含量	12.80	28.80	22.81±4.47	19.59
天山中部	有机质含量	32.60	146.00	90.02±32.54	36.15
	全氮含量	1.14	10.70	5.18±2.73	52.70
	全磷含量	0.29	1.33	0.71±0.28	39.44
	全钾含量	19.00	28.30	23.42±3.16	13.49
天山中西部	有机质含量	44.80	185.00	95.20±37.64	39.54
	全氮含量	1.91	8.20	4.75±1.74	36.63
	全磷含量	0.28	0.99	0.72±0.21	29.17
	全钾含量	24.60	31.60	28.50±1.80	6.32
天山西部	有机质含量	27.20	184.00	109.65±38.50	35.11
	全氮含量	1.21	7.91	4.99±2.06	41.28
	全磷含量	0.32	1.41	0.97±0.31	31.96
	全钾含量	20.00	27.70	24.85±1.95	7.85

海拔	有机质含量	全氮含量	全磷含量	全钾含量
低海拔	51.81±16.76d	2.39±0.98e	0.49±0.16c	21.54±4.31c
中低海拔	86.11±15.66c	4.07±0.74d	0.67±0.15b	24.29±2.64b
中海拔	133.26±27.12a	6.19±1.33b	0.87±0.24a	26.97±1.19a
中高海拔	125.84±18.99a	8.29±2.03a	1.01±0.17a	27.35±2.81a
高海拔	102.86±22.86b	5.14±1.22c	0.95±0.23a	23.79±3.92b

区域	低海拔	中低海拔	中海拔	中高海拔	高海拔	平均分
天山中东部	81.0	88.0	95.0	95.0	98.0	91.4
天山中部	75.8	83.0	90.0	95.0	96.0	88.0
天山中西部	85.0	90.0	95.0	95.0	90.0	91.0
天山西部	75.8	93.0	100.0	100.0	98.0	93.4
平均分	79.4	88.5	95.0	96.3	95.5	-

Distribution patterns and evaluation of soil nutrients in Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica forests across different regions and altitudes

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