W-OH阻水层对煤矸石坡面降雨入渗以及产流产沙过程影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.731

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of water leakage and frozen soil formation of coal gangue slope in Muli mining area of Qinghai Province, water-blocking layers with different concentrations of hydrophilic polyurethane (W-OH, 0%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5%) were constructed on the coal gangue slope, and the characteristic parameters of rainfall infiltration, runoff and sediment on the slope were analyzed by artificial rainfall simulation. The effects of water-blocking layers with different concentrations of W-OH on the rainfall infiltration and runoff-producing and sediment-producing process of the coal gangue slope were revealed. The results showed that: (1) Under slope of 5°, 15°, 25° and rainfall intensity of 30~90 mm·h^-1, the overall change trend of slope infiltration rate with different W-OH concentrations showed a rapid decline at first and then tended to be stable, and the higher the W-OH concentration, the earlier the stable infiltration stage was reached. (2) The average infiltration rate of slope under different W-OH concentration was decreased by 4.15%-73.64% compared with the control group (0%W-OH). The water-blocking effects of 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5% and 4.5% W-OH on slope surface were 5.49%-49.98%, 11.96%-65.91%, 16.61%-72.10% and 22.92%-85.81%, respectively, and increased with the increase of W-OH concentration. (3) The initial runoff generation time on the slope with different W-OH concentrations was 1.95%-74.20% earlier than that on the control slope. The sediment yield effects of 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5% and 4.5% W-OH on the slope were 7.68%-97.98%, 15.28%-163.00%, 25.44%-261.44% and 25.61%-260.58%, respectively, which were negatively correlated with rainfall intensity and slope, and positively correlated with W-OH concentration. Runoff yield effect were 5.20%-83.39%, 12.93%-131.18%, 14.14%-149.11% and 16.28%-188.86%. (4) The correlation analysis of relevant indicators shows that the W-OH water-blocking layer plays an important role in preventing water infiltration and increasing sediment yield, and rain intensity and slope are still the dominant factors in the process of sediment yield on slope. It is found that the construction of W-OH water-blocking layer on the coal gangue slope can play a good role in reducing seepage and water blocking, and also increase the runoff-producing and sediment-producing on the slope. Considering the problem of soil and water loss, some soil and water conservation measures can be configured on the slope.

Key words: coal gangue, rainfall infiltration, runoff and sediment yield, water-blocking layers

LU Changjin, WANG Zhigang, YANG Hailong, WU Miaochen, YIN Wentian. Impact of W-OH water-blocking layers on rainfall infiltration, runoff and sediment yield processes on coal gangue slopes[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(9): 1623-1635.

Figures/Tables 13

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References 25

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容重/g·cm^-3	含水量/%	粒径组成/%
容重/g·cm^-3	含水量/%	<0.1 mm	0.1~0.5 mm	0.5~1.0 mm	1.0~2.0 mm	2.0~10.0 mm	>10.0 mm
1.62	13.70	5.73	12.33	12.56	6.61	38.55	24.23

W-OH 浓度/%	雨强30 mm·h^-1			雨强60 mm·h^-1			雨强90 mm·h^-1
W-OH 浓度/%	坡度5°	坡度15°	坡度25°	坡度5°	坡度15°	坡度25°	坡度5°	坡度15°	坡度25°
0.0	1333	1262	1015	973	551	313	302	188	156
1.5	1307	1058	972	528	394	207	224	140	128
2.5	1286	902	876	294	291	182	194	119	107
3.5	1069	844	839	251	238	212	149	91	83
4.5	1061	782	756	194	172	153	111	90	66

坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	累计入渗量/L					阻水效应/%
坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH	0%W-OH	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH
5	30	18.81	16.81	15.23	14.18	19.90	5.49	15.55	23.46	28.75
	60	25.31	18.54	16.27	11.23	35.16	28.00	47.27	53.73	68.05
	90	17.98	12.54	9.85	6.55	20.64	12.88	39.26	52.29	68.28
15	30	15.30	14.08	13.80	12.76	16.55	7.57	14.95	16.61	22.92
	60	21.14	16.04	13.32	6.92	32.61	35.17	50.83	59.15	78.77
	90	10.95	8.45	5.91	4.03	17.27	36.61	51.09	65.79	76.66
25	30	13.81	13.28	11.95	10.79	15.08	8.44	11.96	20.74	28.44
	60	18.58	11.17	9.46	4.07	28.69	35.23	61.07	67.03	85.81
	90	5.35	3.65	2.99	1.82	10.70	49.98	65.91	72.10	82.98

坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	累计产沙量/g					产沙效应/%
坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH	0%W-OH	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH
5	30	9.29	12.20	12.00	16.16	4.77	94.69	155.59	151.40	238.55
	60	31.84	54.73	67.27	66.38	22.00	44.73	148.79	205.76	201.73
	90	45.48	75.81	87.35	93.67	28.83	57.77	163.00	203.01	224.93
15	30	10.59	14.01	17.75	22.97	7.03	50.66	99.32	152.56	226.94
	60	75.59	73.92	82.55	88.27	52.01	45.32	42.12	58.70	69.70
	90	83.19	84.87	92.21	110.57	71.28	16.70	19.06	29.37	55.13
25	30	18.35	22.37	33.49	33.41	9.27	97.98	141.44	261.44	260.58
	60	76.77	85.52	106.80	116.00	66.17	16.02	29.24	61.39	75.30
	90	137.35	147.04	160.00	160.21	127.55	7.68	15.28	25.44	25.61

坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	累计产流量/L					产流效应/%
坡度/(°)	雨强/mm·h^-1	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH	0%W-OH	1.5%W-OH	2.5%W-OH	3.5%W-OH	4.5%W-OH
5	30	5.10	7.10	8.68	9.73	4.01	27.26	77.21	116.46	142.74
	60	22.51	29.28	31.56	36.59	12.67	77.69	131.18	149.11	188.86
	90	53.75	59.19	61.89	65.19	51.09	5.20	15.86	21.13	27.59
15	30	7.88	9.10	9.38	10.42	6.63	18.91	37.33	41.47	57.22
	60	25.22	30.33	33.04	39.44	13.75	83.39	120.52	140.26	186.78
	90	58.60	61.10	63.64	65.51	52.27	12.10	16.88	21.74	25.33
25	30	7.94	8.48	9.80	7.94	6.67	19.08	27.04	46.89	64.29
	60	27.78	35.20	36.91	27.78	17.68	57.16	99.09	108.76	139.23
	90	59.90	61.61	62.27	59.90	54.55	9.81	12.93	14.14	16.28

Impact of W-OH water-blocking layers on rainfall infiltration, runoff and sediment yield processes on coal gangue slopes

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变量	初始产流时间	平均入渗率	阻水效应	平均产沙率	产沙效应	平均产流率	产流效应
雨强	-0.869^**	-0.122	0.551^**	0.810^**	-0.465^**	0.076	-0.299
坡度	-0.211	-0.419^**	0.376^*	0.355^*	-0.373^*	0.955^**	-0.229
浓度	-0.254	-0.661^**	0.613^**	0.302^*	0.495^**	0.222	0.398^*