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  • May. 13, 2025

Arid Land Geography ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 632-639.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.382

• Climatology and Hydrology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of rainfall-type landslide disasters in eastern Qinghai and analysis of their causing rainfalls

ZHAO Guorong1,2(), LI Wanzhi2,3,4(), LIU Bing1, QI Menziyi3   

  1. 1. Haibei Meteorological Bureau, Haiyan 810200, Qinghai, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
    3. Qinghai Climate Center, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
    4. Greenhouse Gas and Carbon Neutral Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2024-06-20 Revised:2024-09-14 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-18
  • Contact: LI Wanzhi E-mail:13139081822@163.com;li_wanzhi@163.com

Abstract:

Rainfall-type landslides are the most frequent and impactful geological hazards in Qinghai Province, China; however, studies on the specific rainfall characteristics that trigger these landslides remain limited. This paper analyzes 339 rainfall-type landslides that occurred between 2016 and 2023 by examining precipitation conditions on the day of occurrence and 1-10 days prior. The objective is to identify the disaster characteristics of rainfall-type landslides and their triggering precipitation conditions. The study reveals the following: (1) Rainfall-type landslides are more frequent in the east than in the west, with Xining City and Haidong City accounting for 76.1% of occurrences. The highest incidence is observed in Xining City’s Huangzhong District, Minhe County, and Ledu District. (2) Landslide frequency correlates with rainfall distribution—years with higher rainfall tend to experience more landslides, with August being the peak month for occurrences. (3) Light to moderate rainfall serves as the foundational condition for landslides, while heavy rainfall or greater acts as the triggering factor. When the cumulative rainfall of 10 days exceeds 40 mm, the probability of landslide occurrence increases significantly. (4) Rainfall-type landslides exhibit a certain lag effect relative to rainfall. The probability of occurrence is highest on the day following two consecutive days of heavy rainfall or greater, as well as on the third day after rainfall ends. In addition, landslide probability increases again approximately five days after rainfall ceases. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for understanding the occurrence mechanisms of rainfall-type landslides and developing forecasting and early warning models.

Key words: rainfall-type landslides, disaster-causing rainfall, pre-effective rainfall, eastern Qinghai