咸水灌溉对凋落物分解及土壤有机碳矿化的影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.154

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant litter plays a pivotal role in the material and energy cycles of terrestrial ecosystems, serving as a primary source of plant-derived soil carbon, which is fundamental to the carbon cycle. The decomposition of litter releases CO₂ into the atmosphere, provides nutrients and energy essential for subterranean ecosystems, and significantly contributes to the maintenance of geochemical element cycling. In arid zone ecosystems, moisture serves as a crucial limiting factor, influencing both the abundance and activity of soil microorganisms and the geochemical processes within subsurface ecosystems. In the Taklimakan Desert Botanical Garden, plants are primarily irrigated with saline groundwater to support their growth and development, which in turn affects litter decomposition and the transformation of soil organic carbon. Although research on the effects of saline water irrigation on soil physicochemical properties in desert ecosystems has expanded, studies examining soil organic carbon mineralization and litter decomposition under saline water conditions remain limited. To address this gap, two indoor incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the decomposition characteristics of Populus euphratica and Pyrus betulifolia litter and the rate of soil organic carbon mineralization under the influence of saline water with varying salt concentrations (0, 7.5 g·L^-1, 15.0 g·L^-1, 22.5 g·L^-1, and 30.0 g·L^-1). The key findings are as follows: (1) Saline water at different salt concentrations altered soil physicochemical properties. Soil conductivity increased with rising salt concentrations, while pH remained relatively stable. The decomposition rate of litter was influenced by saline water concentration, with the litter mass residual rate of both plant species showing a decreasing trend over time. The litter mass residual rate of P. betulifolia increased with higher saline water concentrations, whereas the decomposition of P. euphratica was faster than that of P. betulifolia. (2) The highest soil organic carbon mineralization rate was observed in the freshwater group with P. betulifolia addition, reaching 201.3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1. This rate decreased with increasing saline water concentration. (3) The addition of litter enhanced soil organic carbon content. After 180 days, the soil organic carbon content was significantly higher with 15.0 g·L^-1 saline water addition compared to other concentrations. Saline water irrigation inhibited litter decomposition and soil organic carbon mineralization, although moderate saline water concentration (15.0 g·L^-1) promoted soil organic carbon accumulation. In conclusion, saline water impacts litter decomposition and the accumulation and mineralization of soil organic carbon by altering soil physicochemical properties. These findings provide insights into the ecological value of planted protective forests in the Taklimakan Desert Botanical Garden and along desert highways, and they contribute to future research on carbon sequestration potential in arid zone ecosystems.

Key words: litter decomposition, saline water irrigation, soil organic carbon, mineralization rate

HAN Huan, YUAN Ping, LI Congjuan, ZHAO Hongmei. Effects of saline water irrigation on litter decomposition and soil organic carbon mineralization[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(12): 2030-2040.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 4

Dynamics parameters of soil mineralization in Populus euphratica and Pyrus betulifolia under the addition of saline water with different concentration levels"

类型	浓度	C₀/mg·kg^-1	k/d^-1	R²	$t 0.5$ /d
胡杨	S0	6949.67	0.039	0.982	17.77
	S1	6628.17	0.044	0.990	15.72
	S2	6543.21	0.041	0.989	16.74
	S3	7108.67	0.035	0.990	19.67
	S4	6901.68	0.034	0.991	20.54
杜梨	S0	6599.58	0.039	0.979	17.70
	S1	5928.81	0.045	0.987	15.43
	S2	5735.28	0.046	0.985	15.06
	S3	6125.18	0.041	0.983	17.02
	S4	6613.02	0.036	0.985	19.49

Tab. 4

Fig. 7

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物种	全C/g·kg^-1	全N/g·kg^-1	全P/g·kg^-1	C:N	C:P	纤维素/%	木质素/%
胡杨	363.9±6.1b	3.37±0.03b	0.52±0.005b	108.1±3.0a	699.6±18.6a	16.75±0.16a	6.18±0.09b
杜梨	442.7±0.2a	6.66±0.08a	0.83±0.005a	66.5±0.8b	534.8±3.3b	11.53±0.17b	7.06±0.13a

种类	盐浓度/g·L^-1	分解模型	分解指数（k）	R²	t_0.5/月	t_0.95/月
胡杨	0.0（S0）	Y=87.29e^-0.127^t	0.127	0.78	5.44	23.50
	7.5（S1）	Y=86.71e^-0.078^t	0.078	0.65	8.84	38.19
	15.0（S2）	Y=86.14e^-0.084^t	0.084	0.64	8.29	35.81
	22.5（S3）	Y=86.46e^-0.087^t	0.087	0.67	7.93	34.26
	30.0（S4）	Y=88.68e^-0.056^t	0.056	0.62	12.37	53.47
杜梨	0.0（S0）	Y=89.88e^-0.108^t	0.108	0.84	6.44	27.82
	7.5（S1）	Y=90.27e^-0.075^t	0.075	0.77	9.28	40.10
	15.0（S2）	Y=90.09e^-0.049^t	0.049	0.62	14.27	61.69
	22.5（S3）	Y=92.31e^-0.042^t	0.042	0.71	16.64	71.91
	30.0（S4）	Y=95.06e^-0.036^t	0.036	0.81	19.03	82.26

种类	公式	R²	P
胡杨	y=-0.0017k+0.113	0.89	0.091
杜梨	y=-0.0023k+0.097	0.67	0.017

Effects of saline water irrigation on litter decomposition and soil organic carbon mineralization

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