基于物质流的青海高原城镇社区家庭能源消费研究——以西宁市为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2022.172

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the background of the postindustrial and post-epidemic eras, the amount of energy consumed by households in urban areas continuously increases. Thus, households have become the main contributor to carbon emissions and large amounts of energy consumed. Accordingly, a study on household energy consumption plays a vital role in the construction of ecological civilization in China. Plateau cities are important custodians of ecological security, and Xining City is a representative of plateau cities. Therefore, we selected it as the research object of this study. We aimed to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of household energy consumption and to visualize the process of household energy consumption under different income conditions. We utilized 2021 survey data, mainly using household energy estimates and ordinary least squares regression models and constructing household energy flows. We found that: (1) The annual per capita energy consumption of urban households in Xining City is 461.57 kgce·a^-1. (2) Regarding energy use, the per capita heating energy consumption of urban households in Xining City is 307.52 kgce·a^-1, which is the main cause of the high energy consumption (66.62%), followed by the per capita energy consumption of kitchen equipment (74.56 kgce·a^-1). Conversely, large household appliances are relatively few, and washing machines especially consume the lowest energy. (3) The total year-end household income is the core factor that affects the annual per capita energy consumption of households in Xining City, China. (4) The annual per capita energy consumption of high-income households is large, and the type of energy consumed varies. Additionally, as household income levels increase, the amount of energy consumed in heating households decreases. Finally, to effectively promote energy transition, we suggest the residents should enhance their awareness of renewable energy, and governments should increase the supply of clean energy for residents by constructing rooftop photovoltaics and laying natural gas pipelines. What is more, governments should also increase the energy-saving publicity for middle- and high-income groups to enhance residents’ awareness of independent energy conservation and must customize energy policies for local conditions.

Key words: household energy consumption, plateau towns, influencing factors, OLS model, Xining City

JIANG Lu,LIU Yanjuan,SHI Xiaonan,DING Bowenpeng,CHEN Hongyu. Household energy consumption in urban communities in Qinghai Plateau based on material flow: A case of Xining City[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(2): 294-304.

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References 32

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基本信息	变量名称	变量定义	比重/%
家庭信息	性别	男	53.40
	性别	女	46.60
	受教育程度	小学及以下	16.60
		初中	21.40
		高中（中专）	22.00
		大学本科（大专）及以上	40.00
经济情况	家庭年末总收入/10⁵元	0~1	58.88
		1~2	29.75
		2~3	7.64
		3~4	2.07
		>4	1.65

能源名称	折标煤系数	单位
原煤	0.7143	kgce·kg^-1
天然气	1.3300	kgce·m^-3
液化石油气	1.7572	kgce·kg^-1
电力（当量值）	0.1229	kgce·(kW·h)^-1

变量名称	变量定义	平均数	标准差	最小值	最大值
家庭年末总收入/10⁴ 元	-	11.1560	0.8544	8.2940	15.6072
受教育程度	1=从未上过学	0.0639	0.2449	0.0000	1.0000
	2=小学	0.1010	0.3017	0.0000	1.0000
	3=初中	0.2144	0.4109	0.0000	1.0000
	4=高中/中专	0.2124	0.4094	0.0000	1.0000
	5=大专	0.1258	0.3319	0.0000	1.0000
	6=本科	0.2536	0.1676	0.0000	1.0000
	7=本科以上	0.0289	0.1676	0.0000	1.0000
家庭劳动人口数/人	-	2.1381	1.0303	0.0000	7.0000

能源用途	年人均用能/kgce·a^-1	占比/%	电能/%	天然气/%	煤炭/%	液化气/%	太阳能/%
炊事	74.56	16.15	33.81	60.21	2.89	1.44	-
采暖	307.52	66.62	-	100.00	-	-	-
热水器	60.36	13.08	57.73	9.69	-	-	20.21
冰箱	5.85	1.27	97.32	-	-	-	-
洗衣机	0.44	0.10	97.94	-	-	-	-
电视	2.17	0.47	75.46	-	-	-	-
照明	10.66	2.31	100.00	-	-	-	-

能源用途	主城区		大通县		湟源县
能源用途	年人均用能/kgce·a^-1	占比/%	年人均用能/kgce·a^-1	占比/%	年人均用能/kgce·a^-1	占比/%
炊事	74.77	16.03	51.16	12.85	141.17	22.37
采暖	315.42	67.61	262.04	65.79	401.72	63.65
热水器	57.71	12.37	65.21	16.37	69.15	10.96
冰箱	5.88	1.26	5.27	1.32	7.12	1.13
洗衣机	0.48	0.10	0.36	0.09	0.28	0.04
电视	2.22	0.48	1.87	0.47	2.32	0.37
照明	10.08	2.16	12.35	3.10	9.36	1.48

Household energy consumption in urban communities in Qinghai Plateau based on material flow: A case of Xining City

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因素类别	定义	模型1	模型2	模型3
家庭年末总收入/10⁴元	-	-0.3981^*** （-4.25）	-0.2465^** （-2.45）	-0.2210^** （-2.19）
受教育程度	小学=1	-	0.3035 （0.76）	0.3523 （0.88）
	初中=2	-	0.4818 （1.35）	0.5291 （1.49）
	高中/中专=3	-	-0.1372 （-0.38）	-0.0940 （-0.26）
	大专=4	-	0.0060 （-0.02）	0.0702 （0.18）
	本科=5	-	-0.4290 （-1.20）	-0.3708 （-1.03）
	本科以上=6	-	-0.8584 （-1.50）	-0.8285 （-1.45）
家庭劳动人口数/人	-	-	-	-0.1545^** （-1.99）
常数项	-	-	-	9.3351^*** （8.36）

收入分组	低收入	中低收入	中等收入	中高收入	高收入
家庭人均年收入/元	6001	12794	21992	33278	89967
家庭规模/人	4.5	4.1	4.1	3.1	2.8
家庭劳动人口数/人	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.0	2.1
受访者年龄/岁	43.4	44.4	42.6	42.1	39.6

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