基于文献计量的黄河流域生态环境研究态势分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.327

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究领域研究热点主题的结构演化规律，对揭示学科发展脉络、优化科研布局具有重要理论价值与实践意义。以黄河流域生态环境研究为例，基于中国知网（CNKI）核心期刊和Web of Science数据库2015—2024年文献，综合运用关键词分析与社会网络方法，分析了黄河流域生态环境问题的研究热点。结果表明：（1）研究体系由“黄河流域”主题主导，其与政策驱动的“生态环境”“可持续发展”共同构成核心领域，新兴技术应用研究尚处初期。（2）研究呈现显著空间分异特征，形成黄土高原植被-土壤修复、三角洲湿地及全流域植被-气候-人类活动协同治理三大区域化研究集群。（3）中文文献以水利工程（54.3%）与农业生态（32.1%）为主；英文文献则凸显环境科学（1800篇）的绝对主导地位，并与可持续科技、水资源研究深度耦合。未来研究应注重构建“自然-经济-社会”多维耦合分析框架，为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供系统化决策支持；同时，推动新兴技术嵌入政策评估流程，动态优化生态补偿标准与产业准入机制；加强跨学科、跨区域比较研究与数据融合，探索适宜黄河流域特征的治理路径。

关键词: 社会网络, 态势分析, 知识图谱, 共词分析, 黄河流域

Abstract:

Uncovering the structural patterns of evolution in hotspot research themes in a given field can deliver significant theoretical and practical value in terms of trajectories of disciplinary development and the optimization of scientific research planning. This investigation, taking eco-environmental research in the Yellow River Basin of China as a case study, analyzed hotspots in eco-environmental issues in the Yellow River Basin. It employed keyword analysis and social network analysis to investigate the literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure core journals and the Web of Science database (data from 2015 to 2024). The results of this study indicate the following points: (1) The research system was dominated by the Yellow River Basin theme, which, together with the policy-driven themes of eco-environment and sustainable development, constitutes the core domain, while investigation of emerging technology applications remains nascent. (2) This body of research exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity, forming three distinct regional research clusters: vegetation-soil restoration on the Loess Plateau, wetland-landscape, and integrated vegetation-climate-human activity governance across the entirety of the basin. (3) The literature in Chinese is primarily focused on water conservancy engineering (54.3%) and agroecology (32.1%). In contrast, the English literature demonstrates the absolute dominance of environmental science (in 1800 papers) and a deep coupling with sustainable technology and water resource research. Future studies should focus on the construction of a multi-dimensional natural-economic-social coupled analytical framework to provide systematic decision-making support for ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. In addition, emerging technologies should be more embedded into policy evaluation processes to dynamically optimize ecological compensation standards and industrial access mechanisms. We also recommend that interdisciplinary and cross-regional comparative research and data integration be strengthened to explore governance pathways that are tailored to the characteristics of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: social network, situation analysis, knowledge mapping, co-word analysis, Yellow River Basin

李文美, 吴新年, 任珩, 李娜, 张晶. 基于文献计量的黄河流域生态环境研究态势分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2026, 49(5): 928-938.

LI Wenmei, WU Xinnian, REN Heng, LI Na, ZHANG Jing. Research trend of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin based on bibliometrics[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(5): 928-938.

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关键词	时间加权值											2015—2024年加权得分
关键词	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年	2019年	2020年	2021年	2022年	2023年	2024年	2015—2024年变化量	2015—2024年加权得分
黄河流域	0.5	0.7	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.8
高质量发展	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.5	0.2
生态保护	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.7
生态环境	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.7
耦合协调	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.3	0.2
协同治理	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.5	0.2
水土保持	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.4	0.4
黄河	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.8
生态效率	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.4	0.2
时空演变	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.4	0.1
水资源	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.6
生态环境保护	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.5	0.4
生态补偿	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.4	0.3
影响因素	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.5	0.3
绿色发展	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.6
城市群	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.5	0.4
地理探测器	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.3	0.1
可持续发展	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.7

流域名称	治理模式	研究重点	核心数据指标	参考文献
黄河流域	政策驱动型	生态保护与高质量发展协同机制	水资源开发利用率；水土流失面积	[20]
长江流域	市场-政策混合型	生态经济系统耦合与产业绿色转型	绿色GDP占比；氮磷减排量；企业参与度	[21]
亚马逊流域	社区参与型	生物多样性保护与原住民权益保障	森林砍伐率年降幅；社区治理参与度	[22]
密西西比河	技术治理型	农业面源污染控制与洪水风险管理	农业面源污染减少率；防洪工程覆盖率	[23]
莱茵河流域	市场主导型（PPP模式）	跨国水权交易与航运生态影响	跨国水权交易量；航运碳排放降幅	[24]