关键词: 新疆, 生态农业, 发展原则

Abstract: Agriculture plays an important part in the economic development of arid region, so it is essiencial to choose the pattern of agricultural development, For the purpose of sustainable economy development in the area, to develope the eco-agriculture is the key way to the problem.
Based on the features of the eco-agriculture in arid region, five significant problems faced in the way of development are discussed. (1) The problem of population. In arid region, population can offer the force to construct eco-agriculture, but only moderate amount and fine quality of population can make decisive effect to the sustainable development of eco-agriculture. It is an arduous task to develope education and enhance the quality of population of the area in the long run. (2) The problem of resource and environment. Oasis are built against the background of desert, the eco-environment of oasis and the desert around it are closely related and mutually dependent. If the agricultural scale of oasis is expanded inappropriately, and the resource of oasis are exploited and utilized irrationally, the speed of desertlization will be accelerated, and it will became a menace to the development of oasis. In the long-term development of oasis agriculture, along with the expanditure of oasis scale, many severe problom were aroused, such as land desertlizing, vegetation decreasing, river shortening, lake withering, to which particular attentions should be paid. (3) The problem of energy resources. Energy resources are prerequisit of economic development and eco-evironment construction. In southern region of Xinjing, because of the insufficiency and inefficient using of energy resource, the normal circulation of energy and substance of agricultural eco-system were broken, and the development of eco-agriculture was affected severely, at the same time, the overall development of economic was limited. (4) The problem of science level. Eco-agriculture is based on the conbination of traditional and mondern agriculture technology. Because of the low education level of the population in arid region, advanced technology and administration method can not be used widely. So, it is imminent to quicken the spread of study and utilization of new agricultural tecnology. (5) The problem of economic basis and consciousness of society. Owing to the poverty of people in Xinjing, the capital for the reproduce is limited. The importance of environment protecion should be known by more and more people.
According the questions and features, the principle of suitability, intergral, high efficiency and stability have been proved to be of importance to sustainable development of eco-agriculture of the arid region.
Seven countermeasures are proposed for the long run and overall development of arid region, which include： (1) accelerating the industralization of agriculture. (2) improving agricultural technology. (3) setting up the information and service net for agricultural products. (4) enhancimg people's awareness of sustainable development. (5) making specific plan and design on the construction of eco-agriculture. (6) builting a scientific eco-agriculture lab base. (7) optimizing all kinds of social service.

Key words: arid region, eco-agriculture, sustainable development, Xinjiang