2000—2022年伊犁河流域植被时空变化特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.480

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

伊犁河流域横跨中哈两国，生态环境脆弱，深化对全流域植被变化的认识对于该地区生态可持续发展具有重要意义。基于MODIS的增强型植被指数（EVI）数据，深入研究了2000—2022年整个伊犁河流域植被的时空变化特征，并对比了中国境内外伊犁河流域、不同植被类型、不同高程间植被变化的差异。结果表明：（1） 2000年以来伊犁河流域植被总体呈现改善趋势，尤其是哈萨克斯坦境内的植被，然而中国境内植被有退化趋势。植被退化区域的高程集中在1000~3000 m之间；草地和耕地以改善为主，林地则相反。（2）过去20 a间，伊犁河流域植被总体波动较小，但中国境内流域植被的波动性较大。与林地和耕地相比，草地的波动性更大。高程在2500~3000 m区域内的植被波动小。（3）未来伊犁河流域植被状况以持续改善为主，持续改善面积约占全流域面积的52%。草地持续改善的面积占比高于耕地和林地。高程低于1000 m和高于3000 m区域的植被以持续改善为主。研究结果将有助于加深对伊犁河流域植被变化特征的理解，为流域生态环境保护提供科学参考。

关键词: MODIS EVI, 变化趋势, 持续性, 伊犁河流域

Abstract:

The Ili River Basin, spanning China and Kazakhstan, features a delicate ecological environment. Understanding the vegetation changes throughout the basin is essential for the region’s sustainable development. This study analyzed spatiotemporal vegetation variations in the Ili River Basin from 2000 to 2022, utilizing enhanced vegetation index data from MODIS. We examined vegetation change disparities within and outside China’s portion of the basin, among various vegetation types, and across different elevations. Our findings reveal: (1) Since 2000, vegetation conditions have generally improved across the Ili River Basin, notably in Kazakhstan, whereas a decline was observed within China. Degraded regions are predominantly at elevations between 1000 m and 3000 m. Grasslands and croplands exhibited positive trends, in contrast to forests. (2) Over the past 20 years, the Ili River Basin experienced minor vegetation fluctuations, with more pronounced variations within China. Grasslands encountered higher fluctuations compared to croplands and forests, and the 2500 m to 3000 m elevation range showed relatively stable vegetation. (3) Future projections indicate a prevailing positive trend in vegetation across the Ili River Basin, with approximately 52% of the areas expected to see ongoing improvement. Grasslands are anticipated to have higher improvement ratios than croplands and forests. Regions below 1000 m and above 3000 m in elevation are likely to experience sustained positive changes. This study’s insights into vegetation dynamics will inform ecological protection strategies in the Ili River Basin.

Key words: MODIS EVI, change trend, sustainability, the Ili River Basin

李雅倩, 杨建华, 夏皓斌, 武建军. 2000—2022年伊犁河流域植被时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(5): 741-752.

LI Yaqian, YANG Jianhua, XIA Haobin, WU Jianjun. Spatiotemporal variations of vegetation in the Ili River Basin from 2000 to 2022[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(5): 741-752.

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EVI平均值分级	境内面积占比/%	境外面积占比/%
<0.000	3.43	0.59
0.000~0.100	7.46	24.21
0.100~0.200	12.13	53.90
0.200~0.300	17.06	11.43
0.300~0.400	28.26	6.88
>0.400	31.66	2.99

EVI年际变化率/a^-1	境内流域面积占比/%	境外流域面积占比/%
<0.000	56.70	35.26
0.000~0.002	29.70	62.06
0.002~0.004	6.91	1.78
0.004~0.006	2.97	0.55
>0.006	3.72	0.35

EVI变化趋势	境内面积占比/%	境外面积占比/%
极显著增加	10.96	3.80
显著增加	4.68	6.66
不显著增加	27.66	54.28
不显著减少	37.09	32.71
显著减少	7.28	1.49
极显著减少	12.33	1.06

EVI波动程度	境内面积占比/%	境外面积占比/%
低波动	20.02	5.85
较低波动	49.45	70.93
中等波动	21.50	18.75
较高波动	4.38	3.38
高波动	4.65	1.09

EVI未来变化趋势	境内面积占比/%	境外面积占比/%
由增加变减少	7.33	9.92
持续减少	44.71	23.96
持续增加	35.97	54.83
由减少变增加	11.99	11.29