tourism climate, suitable period, change trend, influence weight, Ningxia ,"/> <p class="MsoPlainText"> 近<span>39 a</span>宁夏旅游气候适宜期及变化分析<span></span>
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干旱区地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 339-348.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.02.07

• 气候与水文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近39 a宁夏旅游气候适宜期及变化分析

官景得1,2,王咏青1,孙银川2,3,王素艳2,3   

  1. 1 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院，江苏 南京 210044;

    2 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750002; 3 宁夏回族自治区气候中心，宁夏 银川 750002

  • 收稿日期:2019-09-18 修回日期:2019-12-28 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 孙银川（1968-），男，宁夏贺兰人，硕士、高级工程师，现主要从事气候资源开发利用研究.
  • 作者简介:官景得（1984-），男，宁夏盐池人，本科，工程师，现主要从事气象和气候变化研究.E-mail：hcio@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏青年拔尖人才培养工程和宁夏青年科技人才托举工程（TJGC2018043）资助

Suitable period and change of tourism climate in Ningxia in the past 39 years

GUAN Jing-de1,2,WANG Yong-qing1,SUN Yin-chuan2，3,WANG Su-yan2，3   

  1. 1 College of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China;

    2 Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture

    in  Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China; 3 Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Climate Center,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China

  • Received:2019-09-18 Revised:2019-12-28 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-03-25

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摘要： 利用宁夏全域5个地市1980—2018年逐日白昼气温、相对湿度、风速、日照时数等气象资料，运用温湿指数、风寒指数、着衣指数和综合舒适指数模型，计算出旅游气候适宜期天数，并对其变化趋势及变化原因进行分析。综合舒适指数模型结果表明：石嘴山、银川、吴忠、中卫4市的旅游气候适宜期较为一致，为3月10日～11月7日，持续时长为243 d。固原的旅游气候适宜期为3月27日～10月29日，持续时长为217 d；石嘴山、吴忠、中卫全年旅游适宜天数变化不显著，是由始期、终期适宜天数增加幅度与“凹”面期适宜天数的减少幅度相当所致。银川、固原全年旅游适宜天数显著增加，主要是始期、终期适宜天数增加幅度大于“凹”面期适宜天数的减少幅度所致；各地始期、终期适宜天数显著增加是由气温升高、相对湿度降低和其他要素的差异变化共同作用所致。“凹”面期适宜天数显著减少是由气温升高(高温日数增多)、相对湿度降低和其他要素的差异变化共同作用所致；各地始期、终期、“凹”面期，气温的显著变化对适宜天数显著变化的影响权重最大，达到50%以上，相对湿度、风速、日照时数的影响权重各有差异。

关键词: 旅游气候, 适宜期, 变化趋势, 影响权重, 宁夏

Abstract:

Ningxia Province,China is rich in tourism resources and is rated as one of the 46 best tourism destinations in the world by the New York Times.Suitable tourism climate is an important factor for tourists to choose tourism destinations.Study of the suitable tourism period and the changes in the Ningxia tourism climate is of great practical significance to provide a scientific reference for the planning and design of Ningxia tourism.Based on the fact that most tourism activities take place mainly in the daytime,the suitable period for tourism climate is calculated on the basis of the daily temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,sunshine hours,and other meteorological data of five cities in Ningxia from 1980 to 2018 by using the THI,WCI,ICL,and CCI models.Further,the change trend of suitable period for tourism is analyzed.The results of the CCI model showed that the suitable period for tourism climate in Shizuishan,Yinchuan,Wuzhong,and Zhongwei is the same,namely from March 10 to November,lasting for 243 days.The tourism climate of Guyuan is suitable from March 27 to October 29,with a duration of 217 days.In Shizuishan,Wuzhong,and Zhongwei,the changes in the number of suitable days for tourism over the entire year are not significant.This is because of the increase in the number of suitable days at the beginning and end periods and the decrease in the number of suitable days in the low period.The number of suitable days for Yinchuan and Guyuan increased significantly over the entire year,mainly because of the greater increase in the number of suitable days at the beginning and the end of the year than the decrease  in suitable days in the low period.The significant increase in the number of suitable days at the beginning and the end for each region is due to the combined effect of temperature increase,decrease in relative humidity,and other factors.The significant decrease in the number of suitable days in the low period is due to the combined effect of temperature increase (e.g.,increased number of hot days),decrease in relative humidity,and other factors.At the beginning,the end,and in the low period,the significant change in air temperature has the greatest effect on the significant change in the number of suitable days (the change in the number of suitable days reaching more than 50%) and the influence weights of relative humidity,wind speed,and sunshine hours are different.The results indicate that the number of suitable days for tourism calculated by the WCI model is extremely large.We need to further explore whether this is because of the use of daytime meteorological elements,especially the higher daytime temperature than the daily average temperature.This model does not consider adverse factors such as rainstorms,sandstorms,and other disastrous weather as well as favorable factors such as rime,snow,and other meteorological effects.Therefore,these factors need to be further studied and supplemented.

Key words: tourism climate')">

tourism climate, suitable period, change trend, influence weight, Ningxia