基于知识图谱和综合征的科学环境知识挖掘——以民勤荒漠化为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 科学环境知识是实现区域土地可持续利用和管理的依据。民勤作为典型的荒漠化区域，对其荒漠化的发展过程及机制等科学环境知识的认识有助于指导干旱区土地荒漠化的防治。因此基于知识图谱方法，结合传统的文献综述方法，挖掘民勤科学环境知识并运用综合征框架进行知识组织管理。研究发现，常兆丰等、肖笃宁等、颉耀文等、康绍忠等、孙丹峰等、冯起等几个较成熟的团队在民勤进行了大量且较为成熟可信的研究，是本文获取科学环境知识的基础；民勤土地荒漠化研究主要集中于土地利用/覆被、荒漠化监测、景观格局变化，水资源利用及监测，荒漠植被演化和保护，环境变化及沙尘暴以及气候和人类活动的驱动5个相互联系耦合的热点方面；近60 a民勤土地荒漠化主要分为1949—1998年和1998—2010年主要的两个阶段，1949—1998年呈现耕地增长和荒漠化加剧的恶性循环过程，1998—2010年呈现荒漠化减弱以及地下水位下降的减缓，但仍表现为耕地的增长和自然植被的减少过程；并以民勤荒漠化的发展过程及机制为基础建立了综合征框架——民勤土地荒漠化是一个人类和自然综合作用下，土地利用/覆被、水资源、植被以及区域环境之间相互联系、相互影响的过程；科学环境知识综合征框架的挖掘集成可为后期系统建模与情景分析提供支持，为后续政策响应和措施制订提供参考。

关键词: 科学环境知识, 挖掘, 知识图谱, 综合征, 民勤

Abstract: The scientific environment knowledge is the basis for regional land sustainable utilization and desertification control in the complex and specific human-environment (H-E) system.For a typical desertification region,like Minqin County,how to understand the scientific environment knowledge about its desertification (e.g.,the process and mechanism) can help the prevention and cure of the desertification.This study concentrated on the scientific environment knowledge mining about Minqin's desertification based on knowledge domain mapping method together with the traditional literature review method,and then analyzed the knowledge structure and internal relationships using syndrome framework. The results drew the conclusions as follows:(1) There were a few teams,including CHANG Zhaofeng,et al.,XIAO Duning,et al.,JIE Yaowen,et al.,KANG Shaozhong,et al.,SUN Danfeng,et al.,FENG Qi,et al.,who conducted more reliable researches about Minqin which constituted the base to obtain local and scientific environment knowledge.Those researches mainly focused on 7 interrelated and coupled hotspots,namely the land use/cover,the desertification monitoring,and landscape pattern evolution,water resources utilization and monitoring,vegetation evolution and protection,environment changes and sandstorm and the climate and human activities. (2) The history of land desertification in Minqin in the late 60 years can be divided into two main phases,phase 1 from 1949 to 1998 and phase 2 from 2002 to 2010.In phase 1 it showed a vicious cycle from the growth of cultivated land to the aggravation of desertification,and in phase 2 it was still in the process where the cultivated land was increased and the natural vegetation was decreased although the desertification subsided and the groundwater recession slowed down. (3) The syndrome framework pointed out that the desertification in Minqin had been a syndrome produced jointed by the human activities and the nature factors which included the land use/cover,water resources,vegetation and their interactions.The knowledge mining and the syndrome framework can support the modeling and analysis of the environment scene and provide a reference for the setup of policy and measures in the future.

Key words: scientific environment knowledge, knowledge mining, knowledge domain mapping, syndrome, Minqin

中图分类号:

P941

孙强强, 姜宛贝, 孙丹峰. 基于知识图谱和综合征的科学环境知识挖掘——以民勤荒漠化为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(2): 426-434.

SUN Qiang-qiang, JIANG Wan-bei, SUN Dan-feng. Knowledge domain mapping and syndrome based scientific environment knowledge mining:A case study of desertification in Minqin[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(2): 426-434.

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