不同演替阶段白刺灌丛沙堆土壤因子与叶功能性状关系研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.141

干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 176-184.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.141

不同演替阶段白刺灌丛沙堆土壤因子与叶功能性状关系研究

王飞^1,²(),郭树江^1,³(),纪永福^1,³,张莹花¹,韩福贵^1,²,张裕年^1,²,张卫星¹,宋达成¹

1.甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州 730070
2.甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室(培育基地),甘肃武威 733000
3.甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤 733300

收稿日期:2021-03-26 修回日期:2021-10-18 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-01-21
通讯作者: 郭树江
作者简介:王飞（1987-）,女,助理研究员,主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: zmffei@126.com
基金资助:
甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(20JR10RA469);国家青年科学基金项目(31700339);国家自然科学基金项目(31760238);国家自然科学基金项目(31860116);国家自然科学基金项目(31960334);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA096);中国科学院“西部之光”项目资助

Relationship between soil factors and leaf functional traits of Nitraria tangutorum shrub at different succession stages

WANG Fei^1,²(),GUO Shujiang^1,³(),JI Yongfu^1,³,ZHANG Yinghua¹,HAN Fugui^1,²,ZHANG Yunian^1,²,ZHANG Weixing¹,SONG Dacheng¹

1. Gansu Desert Control Resesrch Institiute, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
2. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating, Wuwei 733000, Gansu, China
3. Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem, Minqin 733300, Gansu, China

Received:2021-03-26 Revised:2021-10-18 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-01-21
Contact: Shujiang GUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物功能性状与环境之间的关系是功能性状研究的重点,环境因子驱使植物功能性状发生变化,进而推动群落发生演替。本研究以民勤不同演替阶段（发育阶段、稳定阶段、衰退阶段、严重衰退阶段）白刺（Nitraria tangutorum）灌丛沙堆为研究对象,分析不同演替阶段白刺叶功能性状差异及其与土壤因子的关系,旨在揭示白刺对干旱荒漠区土壤环境的适应策略。结果表明：（1）不同演替阶段白刺叶厚度、叶干物质含量、叶全磷含量差异显著（P<0.05）,其他的叶功能性状差异不显著（P>0.05）。白刺叶功能性状变异范围是0.39%~11.99%,均表现为弱变异,其中比叶面积最大（11.99%）,叶全碳含量最小（0.39%）。（2）白刺叶功能性状间存在一定的相关性;叶厚度、叶干物质含量、叶全氮含量可作为白刺叶功能性状变化的主要指标。（3）除pH外,白刺灌丛沙堆土壤因子随退化程度的增加表现为先增加后降低的趋势,最小值出现在发育阶段,最大值出现在衰退阶段。土壤速效磷含量与全氮含量是影响白刺叶功能性状变化的主要土壤因子。上述研究结果深化了对白刺灌丛沙堆演替的认识,为荒漠生态系统恢复与保护提供重要参考依据。

关键词: 白刺, 叶功能性状, 土壤因子, 演替阶段, 民勤县

Abstract:

The relationship between plant functional traits and the environment was the focus of functional traits research. Environmental factors drive the changes in plant functional traits, which in turn promote community succession. This study took Nitraria tangutorum shrubs at different succession stages (development stage, stable stage, decline stage, and severe recession phase) in Minqin County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province of China as the research objects and analyzed the differences in leaf functional traits and their relationships with soil factors, aiming to reveal the adaptation strategy of N. tangutorum to the arid desert soil environment. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in leaf thickness, leaf dry material content, and total phosphorus content among different succession stages (P<0.05), but no significant differences in other leaf functional traits (P>0.05). The variation range of leaf functional traits of N. tangutorum was 0.39%-11.99%, all showing weak variation, among which specific leaf area was the largest (11.99%) and total carbon content was the smallest (0.39%). (2) There was a certain correlation between the leaf functional traits of N. tangutorum. Leaf thickness, leaf dry material content, and leaf total nitrogen content, which could be used as the main index of leaf functional traits of N. tangutorum. (3) Except for pH, the soil factors of the N. tangutorum shrub increased first and then decreased as the degradation degree increased, and the minimum value appeared in the development stage while the maximum value appeared in the decline stage. The main soil factors affecting the leaf functional traits of N. tangutorum were soil available phosphorus and total nitrogen. The studies deepen our understanding of the succession of N. tangutorum shrubs and provide an important reference for restoring and protecting the desert ecosystem.

Key words: Nitraria tangutorum, leaf functional traits, soil factors, succession stages, Minqin County

王飞,郭树江,纪永福,张莹花,韩福贵,张裕年,张卫星,宋达成. 不同演替阶段白刺灌丛沙堆土壤因子与叶功能性状关系研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(1): 176-184.

WANG Fei,GUO Shujiang,JI Yongfu,ZHANG Yinghua,HAN Fugui,ZHANG Yunian,ZHANG Weixing,SONG Dacheng. Relationship between soil factors and leaf functional traits of Nitraria tangutorum shrub at different succession stages[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 176-184.

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演替阶段	迎风坡长/cm	背风坡长/cm	高度/cm	植被生长状况	沙堆土壤状况
发育阶段	240	375	80	迎风坡白刺生长较好,结实量大;背风坡白刺稀少	迎风坡为流沙,背风坡有少量结皮
稳定阶段	560	540	182	迎风坡、背风坡白刺多株生长,长势较好,结实多	迎风坡、背风坡均有结皮,沙堆以下为黏土丘间地
衰退阶段	635	618	145	白刺多株生长,枯枝率高,结实率低	迎风坡、背风坡均为结皮,较厚、坚固,沙堆旁边为黏土丘间地
严重衰退阶段	325	230	100	大多数已经枯死	部分结皮风蚀破裂

叶功能性状	演替阶段				平均值±标准误	变异系数/%
叶功能性状	发育阶段	稳定阶段	衰退阶段	严重衰退阶段	平均值±标准误	变异系数/%
叶长度/cm	1.93±0.06a	1.80±0.08a	1.83±0.09a	1.77±0.07a	1.83±0.03	3.82
叶宽度/cm	0.66±0.04a	0.65±0.02a	0.65±0.05a	0.66±0.02a	0.65±0.01	0.54
叶厚度/mm	0.42±0.01b	0.45±0.02b	0.51±0.02a	0.51±0.01a	0.47±0.02	9.77
叶片含水量/%	75.88±1.35a	75.74±0.92a	73.00±0.20a	73.41±0.76a	74.51±0.76	2.03
比叶面积/cm²·mg^-1	0.045±0.005a	0.054±0.003a	0.050±0.002a	0.041±0.005a	0.048±0.003	11.99
叶干物质含量/%	18.77±0.89b	19.73±0.72b	23.00±0.22a	22.28±0.79a	20.95±1.01	9.63
叶全碳含量/mg·g^-1	412.58±3.54a	414.84±1.71a	413.78±0.43a	411.10±3.66a	413.07±0.81	0.39
叶全氮含量/mg·g^-1	32.25±0.42b	35.92±1.62ab	37.01±2.87ab	38.33±0.44a	35.88±1.31	7.28
叶全磷含量/mg·g^-1	1.01±0.03b	1.18±0.01a	1.00±0.05b	0.98±0.04b	1.04±0.05	8.75
叶稳定碳同位素/‰	-25.42±0.35a	-25.67±0.62a	-26.56±0.87a	-24.85±0.14a	-25.62±0.35	2.77

叶功能性状	叶长度	叶宽度	叶厚度	叶片含水量	比叶面积	叶干物质含量	叶全碳含量	叶全氮含量	叶全磷含量	叶稳定碳同位素
叶长度	1.00
叶宽度	0.312	1.00
叶厚度	-0.757	0.163	1.00
叶片含水量	0.553	-0.339	-0.963^*	1.00
比叶面积	-0.016	-0.907	-0.230	0.303	1.00
叶干物质含量	-0.644	0.185	0.983^*	-0.987^*	-0.172	1.00
叶全碳含量	0.070	-0.879	-0.297	0.353	0.996^**	-0.230	1.00
叶全氮含量	-0.950^*	-0.114	0.923	-0.785	-0.089	0.849	-0.172	1.00
叶全磷含量	-0.125	-0.928	-0.464	0.645	0.786	-0.514	0.776	-0.141	1.00
叶稳定碳同位素	-0.164	0.352	-0.144	0.247	-0.679	-0.299	-0.689	0.017	-0.081	1.00

叶功能性状	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3	主成分4	综合得分	综合位次	公因子方差
叶长度	0.855	0.377	-0.308	0.106	0.051	5	0.687
叶宽度	-0.797	-0.437	0.273	-0.275	-0.106	9	0.610
叶厚度	0.736	0.491	0.308	0.007	0.294	1	0.878
叶片含水量	0.675	-0.48	-0.011	-0.046	-0.246	10	0.975
比叶面积	-0.525	0.436	-0.356	0.478	0.033	6	0.875
叶干物质含量	-0.317	0.831	-0.031	-0.288	0.218	2	0.979
叶全碳含量	0.244	-0.579	-0.346	0.528	-0.027	8	0.793
叶全氮含量	-0.004	0.173	0.739	0.403	0.205	3	0.739
叶全磷含量	-0.411	0.158	-0.574	0.295	-0.020	7	0.821
叶稳定碳同位素	-0.185	0.05	0.457	0.701	0.144	4	0.736
特征值	3.001	2.078	1.595	1.420
贡献率/%	30.009	20.776	15.954	14.198
累计贡献率/%	30.009	50.785	66.739	80.938

演替阶段	含水量/%	有机质/%	全氮/%	速效磷/mg·(100g)^-1	电导率/μS	pH
发育阶段	0.47±0.07b	0.115±0.014c	0.007±0.001b	0.59±0.21b	370.67±51.18b	8.702±0.103a
稳定阶段	0.62±0.07ab	0.208±0.009bc	0.007±0.000b	0.76±0.14b	447.58±26.08ab	8.685±0.056a
衰退阶段	0.77±0.07a	0.450±0.084a	0.017±0.003a	1.61±0.15a	681.08±36.64a	8.345±0.096b
严重衰退阶段	0.46±0.06b	0.343±0.084ab	0.013±0.000ab	1.34±0.18a	567.25±76.25ab	8.510±0.056ab

不同演替阶段白刺灌丛沙堆土壤因子与叶功能性状关系研究

Relationship between soil factors and leaf functional traits of Nitraria tangutorum shrub at different succession stages

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叶功能性状	逐步回归方程	标准化回归系数	R	P
叶宽度（LW）	LW=0.078SAP+0.562	B_SAP=0.656	0.656	0.021
叶厚度（LT）	LT=7.642STN+0.388	B_STN=0.823	0.823	0.001
叶片含水量（LWC）	LWC=-2.904SAP+77.749	B_SAP=-0.616	0.616	0.033
叶干物质含量（LDMC）	LDMC=3.507SAP+16.996	B_SAP=0.785	0.785	0.002
叶全氮含量（LNC）	LNC=0.013SEC+29.083	B_SEC=0.748	0.748	0.013
叶稳定碳同位素（δ¹³C）	δ¹³C=-3.779SMC-23.429	B_SMC=-0.600	0.600	0.039