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干旱区地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 933-941.

• 气候与水文 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市化对云南高原楚雄市近年来雨岛效应的影响研究

何萍1, 江艳萍2, 李矜霄3, 张清艳1   

  1. 1 云南楚雄师范学院地理科学与旅游管理学院, 云南 楚雄 675000;
    2 广西来宾市民族初级中学, 广西 来宾 546100;
    3 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-20 修回日期:2017-08-01 出版日期:2017-09-25
  • 作者简介:何萍(1965-),女,硕士生导师,教授,国家自然科学基金项目主持人,主要从事气象、气候与自然地理综合研究.Email:1256252387@qq.com;heping@cxtc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41465001)

Influence of urbanization on urban rain island effect of Chuxiong City on Yunnan Plateau in recent years

HE Ping1, JIANG Yan-ping2, LI Jin-xiao3, ZHANG Qing-yan1   

  1. 1 College of Geography And Tourism Management, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China;
    2 National Junior Middle School, Laibin 546100, Guangxi, China;
    3 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2017-04-20 Revised:2017-08-01 Online:2017-09-25

摘要: 利用2010-2015年楚雄市城市和郊区共10个气象站点的降雨量资料,采用城市和郊区对比等方法分析楚雄市的降雨特征,运用灰色关联度分析各气象因子、人文因子与雨岛强度的关联程度。结果表明:楚雄市近年来雨岛效应明显,降雨中心主要位于城市及其下风方向的苍岭;当出现小雨和中雨,大尺度大气环流场比较弱的条件下,楚雄市城市雨岛强度较强;楚雄市干湿季分明,月降雨量主要集中在雨季,城市雨岛效应在雨季更显著。影响楚雄市雨岛强度的因素中,关系最为密切的人文因子则为城区面积,而关系最为密切的气象因子是日照时数,且人文因子占较大比重。

关键词: 楚雄市, 城市化, 区域降水, 雨岛效应, 城郊对比

Abstract: Although many studies on urban rain island have been carried out, but mainly focusing on large cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Lanzhou, Urumqi, and Kunming, the studies on small and medium-sized cities and comparison between cities and adjacent suburbs are few. With the fast development, the impact of urbanization development in ecologically weak area on regional climate draws much concern in recent years. Chuxiong City, located in the middle part of the Yunnan Plateau, belonging to South Asia monsoon zone, is very vulnerable to climate and suffers frequent natural disasters in recent years. Nowadays, the establishment of many encryption weather stations in Chuxiong City and its suburbs since 2010 enhances reliability of data. Based on the 6-year meteorological data of 10 weather stations in Chuxiong and social statistic data, this paper made comparison analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of rain island between Chuxiong City and its suburbs, and discussed the mechanism of the comparison result by using grey relational analysis method. The results show that the minimum precipitation appeared in 2012, and the maximum precipitation appeared in 2015. Generally, 6-year average precipitation was less than the multi-year average. Rain island intensity in Chuxiong presented the trend of decreasing first and then increasing. The maximum rain island intensity appeared in 2010(218.0 mm), and the minimum rain island intensity appeared in 2012(0.1 mm). Seasonally, the maximum rain island intensity appeared in Sep-tember(25.0 mm), and the minimum rain island intensity appeared in February(0.0 mm). Besides, rain island intensity in rainy season(19.0 mm)was greater than that in dry season(10.0 mm); the days of total precipitation in Chuxiong City was greater than those in its suburbs. The rain island effect was especially obvious in light rain and moderate rain, but weak in heavy rain and unobvious in rainstorm. Spatially, rain island intensity mostly appeared in Chuxiong City and its leeward Cangling station due to the development of city, heat island effect, barrier effect of city, and increasing condensation nucleus of city. Through grey relational analysis, the most remarkable humanity factor that affected the rain island intensity in Chuxiong was urban built-up area; the most remarkable natural factor that affected the rain island intensity in Chuxiong was sunshine duration. The significance of humanity factor was greater than the significance of natural factor, indicating that urbanization is a main factor for accelerating rain island intensity in Chuxiong City. Conclusions in this paper can contribute to the disaster prevention and reduction, and sustainable development in Chuxiong.

Key words: Chuxiong City, urbanization, regional precipitation, rain island effect, comparison between the cities and suburbs

中图分类号: 

  • P463.3