干旱区枸杞蒸腾耗水变化特征及其影响因子响应分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以宁夏干旱区滴灌枸杞为研究对象，利用包裹式茎流计及自动气象站获取枸杞2015年4~11月树干液流数据及试验区气象参数系列，分析不同时间尺度枸杞蒸腾耗水变化特征及其与气象要素、枸杞生理生长指标间的相关关系与响应特征，为明晰枸杞耗水规律及其需水诊断提供支撑。结果表明：枸杞树干液流量随基径增大而增加，呈线性正比关系；盛花期平均液流速率最大（42.72~133.79 mL·h^-1），其次是盛果期和营养生长期，也是枸杞的关键需水期；6~8月累计树干液流较大，分别占全生育期总耗水量20.25%，19.23%和18.64%，4月份及11月份最小。枸杞日液流量（S）与太阳辐射（R_s）、日均气温（T_a）呈线性相关，与水汽压差（VPD）呈二次多项式相关，且符合回归方程S=0.005R_s+0.066T_a+0.318VPD-0.533（R²=0.695）。树干液流与基径（r）满足方程S=1.137 7r-2.105 2（R²=0.821 067）与冠幅（A）满足S=0.905 3A+0.541 6（R²=0.680 4）；并与光合有效辐射（PAR）、气孔导度（Gs）及蒸腾速率（Er）呈显著正相关关系，通过P=0.05的显著性检验。

关键词: 干旱区, 宁夏, 枸杞, 树干液流, 蒸腾耗水, 影响因子

Abstract: Obtained the real-time data of daily stem sap flow(SSF)and meteorological element series by the packaged stem sap flow monitoring system and automatic weather stations from April to November when is the growth periods of Lycium barbarum in arid area of Ningxia Province, China, this paper discussed the variation characteristics of transpiration water consumption and the correlation between SSF and meteorological elements, physiological growth index, which helped make out the water consumption rule of Lycium barbarum and supported its water requirement diagnosis. The results indicate that the SSF increases with the increase of stem diameter, having a positive linear relationship with each other. The maximum average rate of SSF is 41.95-136.13 mL·h^-1, and appears at the full blooming stage, followed by late flowering stage and fruit period. This indicates that these three stages are the key water requirement period of Lycium barbarum. The SSF has a peak period from June to August, during which SSF accounted for 20.25%, 19.23% and 18.64% of the total water consumption of the whole growth period, respectively. In addition, the minimum value of SSF appears at April and November. The SSF(S) has a linear relationship with the solar radiation(R_s) and daily air temperature(T_a), and has a two degree polynomial relation with the water vapor pressure difference(VPD), fitting the equation S=0.005R_s+0.066T_a+0.318VPD-0.533(R²=0.695). The relationship between SSF and stem diameter fits the equation S=1.137 7r-2.105 2(R²=0.821 067), and the relationship between SSF and crown width(A) fits the equation S=0.905 3A+0.541 6(R²=0.680 4). Moreover, the SSF has a significant positive correlation with photosynthetic active radiation(PAR), stomatal conductance(G_S) and transpiration rate(E_r), which passes 0.05 significance test.

Key words: arid area, Ningxia, Lycium barbarum, stem sap flow, transpiration water consumption, influence factors

中图分类号:

S161.4

徐利岗, 杜历, 汤英, 唐瑞, 李金泽. 干旱区枸杞蒸腾耗水变化特征及其影响因子响应分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2016, 39(6): 1282-1290.

XU Li-gang, DU Li, TANG Ying, TANG Rui, LI Jin-ze. Variation of transpiration water consumption and its response to the influence factors of Lycium barbarum in arid area[J]. , 2016, 39(6): 1282-1290.

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