2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量时空变化及其驱动因素

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.221

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1983-1994.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.221 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025221

2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量时空变化及其驱动因素

张音¹^,²(), 孙从建³(), 刘庚¹^,², 钞锦龙¹^,², 耿甜伟¹^,², 刘宏红¹^,²

1.太原师范学院地理科学学院，山西晋中 030619
2.太原师范学院汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室，山西晋中 030619
3.山西师范大学地理科学学院，山西太原 030031

收稿日期:2025-04-22 修回日期:2025-08-03 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
通讯作者: 孙从建（1986-），男，博士，教授，主要从事水文水资源、资源环境评价研究. E-mail: suncongjian@sina.com
作者简介:张音（1995-），女，博士，讲师，主要从事生态水文过程研究. E-mail: zhyin3621@163.com
基金资助:
山西省基础研究计划青年项目(202303021222222);山西省基础研究计划青年项目(202203021222243);山西省科技战略研究专项计划(202404030401111)

Spatiotemporal changes and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2023

ZHANG Yin¹^,²(), SUN Congjian³(), LIU Geng¹^,², CHAO Jinlong¹^,², GENG Tianwei¹^,², LIU Honghong¹^,²

1. School of Geographical Science, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
2. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Security in Fenhe River Valley, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
3. School of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China

Received:2025-04-22 Revised:2025-08-03 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于Google Earth Engine平台，在遥感生态指数基础上耦合气溶胶光学厚度，构建了改进型遥感生态指数（MRSEI），全面评估了2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量的时空变化特征及其驱动机制。结果表明：（1）MRSEI显著提升了生态环境质量的评估精度，具有更强的纹理特征和细节描述能力。（2）2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量有所改善，生态质量等级主要集中在一般和良2个等级，差等级占比极低。空间分布上，MRSEI呈现西北低、东南高的分布格局。其中，吕梁市西部生态环境最差，大同市、朔州市、忻州市等地较差，而长治市、临汾市东部、晋城市部分区域和运城市东部生态环境最优。（3）土地利用类型对生态环境质量影响力最大，其次为年降水量、坡度和高程。各因子之间交互作用显著增强，尤其是土地利用类型与其他因子交互的影响力更大。研究结果可为黄河流域山西段的生态环境保护与可持续发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 黄河流域山西段, 改进型遥感生态指数, 生态环境质量, 空间自相关, 最优参数地理探测器

Abstract:

Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, this study coupled aerosol optical depth with the remote sensing ecological index to construct a modified remote sensing ecological index (MRSEI) for comprehensively evaluating the spatiotemporal variation and driving mechanisms of ecological environment quality in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin, China, from 2000 to 2023. The results show that: (1) MRSEI substantially improved the accuracy of ecological environment quality assessment, with stronger texture features and better detail representation. (2) From 2000 to 2023, ecological environment quality in the study area improved overall. Most areas were classified as general or good, with only a small proportion at poor levels. Spatially, MRSEI indicated a low-high gradient from northwest to southeast. The western part of Lüliang City exhibited the poorest ecological quality, with unfavorable conditions also observed in Datong City, Shuozhou City, and Xinzhou City. In contrast, Changzhi City, eastern Linfen City, parts of Jincheng City, and eastern Yuncheng City showed the best conditions. (3) Land use type exerted the greatest influence on ecological environment quality, followed by annual precipitation, slope, and elevation. Interactions among factors were significantly enhanced, particularly between land use type and other variables. This study provides a scientific basis for ecological environment protection and sustainable development in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin, modified remote sensing ecological index, ecological environment quality, spatial autocorrelation, optimal parameters-based geographic detector

张音, 孙从建, 刘庚, 钞锦龙, 耿甜伟, 刘宏红. 2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量时空变化及其驱动因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(11): 1983-1994.

ZHANG Yin, SUN Congjian, LIU Geng, CHAO Jinlong, GENG Tianwei, LIU Honghong. Spatiotemporal changes and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2023[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(11): 1983-1994.

图/表 11

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表2

图9

参考文献 27

[1]	IPCC. Climate change 2021: The physical science basis[M/OL]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
[2]	陶健, 林昱辰, 王冰鑫, 等. 黄河流域生态环境脆弱性时空特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(9): 3054-3064.
	[Tao Jian, Lin Yuchen, Wang Bingxin, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics of eco-environmental vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(9): 3054-3064. ]
[3]	杨永春, 穆焱杰, 张薇. 黄河流域高质量发展的基本条件与核心策略[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(3): 409-423. doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.03.01
	[Yang Yongchun, Mu Yanjie, Zhang Wei. Basic conditions and core strategies of high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(3): 409-423. ] doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.03.01
[4]	Wang R Z, Sun Y H, Zong J K, et al. Remote sensing application in ecological restoration monitoring: A systematic review[J]. Remote Sensing, 2024, 16(12): 2204, doi: 10.3390/rs16122204.
[5]	徐涵秋. 城市遥感生态指数的创建及其应用[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(24): 7853-7862.
	[Xu Hanqiu. A remote sensing urban ecological index and its application[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(24): 7853-7862. ]
[6]	郑彩之, 边振, 桑国庆. 基于遥感生态指数的济南市生态环境质量动态监测[J]. 生态科学, 2024, 43(5): 175-182.
	[Zheng Caizhi, Bian Zhen, Sang Guoqing. Dynamic monitoring of ecological environment quality in Jinan based on remote sensing ecological index[J]. Ecological Science, 2024, 43(5): 175-182. ]
[7]	Ye X, Kuang H H. Evaluation of ecological quality in southeast Chongqing based on modified remote sensing ecological index[J]. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 15694, doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19851-9.
[8]	Chen N, Cheng G, Yang J, et al. Evaluation of urban ecological environment quality based on improved RSEI and driving factors analysis[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15(11): 8464, doi: 10.3390/su15118464.
[9]	Yang R Y, Yang Z S, Zhong C B, et al. Characteristics of the spatiotemporal evolution of the improved integrated ecological effect index (IEEI) in mountainous province based on remote sensing: A case study in Yunnan Province of southwest China[J]. Frontiers in Ecology & Evolution, 2024, 12: 1343798, doi: 10.3389/fevo.2024.1343798.
[10]	陈宜欣, 宁晓刚, 张翰超, 等. 遥感生态指数(RSEI)模型及应用综述[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2024, 36(3): 28-40.
	[Chen Yixin, Ning Xiaogang, Zhang Hanchao, et al. Remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) model and its applications: A review[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(3): 28-40. ]
[11]	李艺霖, 赵先超. 长株潭城市群生态环境与城镇化时空耦合协调关系——基于遥感生态指数和夜间灯光指数[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2024, 46(3): 307-320.
	[Li Yilin, Zhao Xianchao. Spatio-temporal coupling coordination relationship between ecological environment and urbanization in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, China: Based on remote sensing ecological index and nighttime lighting index[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2024, 46(3): 307-320. ]
[12]	杨羽佳, 张怡, 匡天琪, 等. 利用改进城市遥感生态指数的苏州市生态分析[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2021, 38(3): 323-330.
	[Yang Yujia, Zhang Yi, Kuang Tianqi, et al. Ecological analysis of Suzhou City using improved urban remote sensing ecological index[J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2021, 38(3): 323-330. ]
[13]	Ge J T, Qian C, Zhang C, et al. IRSEI-based monitoring of ecological quality and analysis of drivers in the Daling River Basin[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14(1): 14506, doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65511-5.
[14]	王雁, 郭伟, 闫世明, 等. 山西省气溶胶光学厚度时空变化特征及气候效应分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2018, 27(5): 900-907. doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.05.015
	[Wang Yan, Guo Wei, Yan Shiming, et al. Analysis of spatio-temporal variation of aerosol optical depth and climatic effects in Shanxi Province[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2018, 27(5): 900-907. ]
[15]	于志翔, 李霞, 于晓晶, 等. 2003—2019年新疆气溶胶光学厚度时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(2): 346-358. doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.221
	[Yu Zhixiang, Li Xia, Yu Xiaojing, et al. Spatiotemporal variation characteristics of aerosol optical depth in Xinjiang from 2003 to 2019[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(2): 346-358. ] doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.221
[16]	Shi Z Y, Wang Y T, Zhao Q. Analysis of spatiotemporal changes of ecological environment quality and its coupling coordination with urbanization in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, China[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023, 20(2): 1627, doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021627.
[17]	Tang Q, Hua L, Tang J L, et al. Advancing ecological quality assessment in China: Introducing the ARSEI and identifying key regional drivers[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2024, 163: 112109, doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112109.
[18]	李豪, 张蕾, 梁晓磊, 等. 基于GeoSOM网络的生态修复分区——以黄河流域山西段为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(2): 321-332. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.12
	[Li Hao, Zhang Lei, Liang Xiaolei, et al. Ecological restoration zoning based on the GeoSOM network: A case study of the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(2): 321-332. ] doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.12
[19]	张伟, 杜培军, 郭山川, 等. 改进型遥感生态指数及干旱区生态环境评价[J]. 遥感学报, 2023, 27(2): 299-317.
	[Zhang Wei, Du Peijun, Guo Shanchuan, et al. Enhanced remote sensing ecological index and ecological environment evaluation in arid area[J]. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 2023, 27(2): 299-317. ] doi: 10.11834/jrs.20221527
[20]	陈彦光. 基于Moran统计量的空间自相关理论发展和方法改进[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(6): 1449-1463.
	[Chen Yanguang. Reconstructing the mathematical process of spatial autocorrelation based on Moran’s statistics[J]. Geographical Research, 2009, 28(6): 1449-1463. ]
[21]	张若婧, 陈跃红, 张晓祥, 等. 基于参数最优地理探测器的江西省山洪灾害时空格局与驱动力研究[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2021, 37(4): 72-80.
	[Zhang Ruojing, Chen Yuehong, Zhang Xiaoxiang, et al. Spatial-temporal pattern and driving factors of flash flood disasters in Jiangxi Province analyzed by optimal parameters-based geographical detector[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2021, 37(4): 72-80. ]
[22]	侯亚鹏, 龙斌, 刘高, 等. 渭河流域(甘肃段)生态环境质量时空演变[J]. 环境生态学, 2024, 6(5): 19-26.
	[Hou Yapeng, Long Bin, Liu Gao, et al. Study on the ecological environmental spatio-temporal evolution in the Gansu section of the Weihe River Basin[J]. Environmental Ecology, 2024, 6(5): 19-26. ]
[23]	岳奕帆, 赵文智, 刘任涛, 等. 宁夏荒漠草原带生态环境质量时空变化及其驱动机制[J]. 生态学报, 2024, 44(20): 9067-9080.
	[Yue Yifan, Zhao Wenzhi, Liu Rentao, et al. Spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanisms of eco-environmental quality in the desert steppe zone of Ningxia[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2024, 44(20): 9067-9080. ]
[24]	刘伟, 凌红波, 公延明, 等. 基于改进型遥感生态指数的塔里木河干流生态环境质量评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(2): 271-282. doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.286
	[Liu Wei, Ling Hongbo, Gong Yanming, et al. Evaluation of ecological environment quality in the mainstream of Tarim River based on improved remote sensing ecological index[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(2): 271-282. ] doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.286
[25]	李朋轩, 王德应, 王涛. 黄河流域近20多年来植被生态环境质量季节特征及其对干湿变化的响应[J]. 水土保持研究, 2025, 32(5): 174-182.
	[Li Pengxuan, Wang Deying, Wang Tao. Seasonal characteristics of vegetation ecological environment quality and their response to dry/wet changes in Yellow River Basin over past 20 years[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025, 32(5): 174-182. ]
[26]	刘佳琪, 周璐红, 席小雅. 2000—2020年黄河流域土地生态质量及其变化趋势预测[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(10): 1654-1662. doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.634
	[Liu Jiaqi, Zhou Luhong, Xi Xiaoya. Land ecological quality and its change trend prediction in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(10): 1654-1662. ] doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.634
[27]	李朋轩, 王涛, 王德应, 等. 黄河流域生态环境质量对气候变化的响应及其与水沙变化的关系[J]. 测绘通报, 2025(1): 59-65. doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.0110
	[Li Pengxuan, Wang Tao, Wang Deying, et al. Response of eco-environmental quality to climate change and its relationship with water and sediment changes in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025(1): 59-65. ] doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.0110

年份	NDVI	WET	NDBSI	LST	AOD	平均相关度
2000	0.971^**	0.898^**	-0.961^**	-0.816^**	-0.213^**	0.772^**
2005	0.856^**	0.972^**	-0.969^**	-0.814^**	-0.201^**	0.762^**
2010	0.963^**	0.882^**	-0.958^**	-0.785^**	-0.149^**	0.747^**
2015	0.967^**	0.896^**	-0.961^**	-0.757^**	-0.231^**	0.762^**
2020	0.963^**	0.882^**	-0.944^**	-0.750^**	-0.213^**	0.750^**
2023	0.967^**	0.891^**	-0.959^**	-0.712^**	-0.084^**	0.723^**
相关系数均值	0.948^**	0.904^**	-0.959^**	-0.772^**	-0.182^**	0.753^**

驱动因素	2000年		2005年		2010年		2015年		2020年		2023年		2000—2023年均值
驱动因素	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序
LUCC	0.588	1	0.615	1	0.642	1	0.612	1	0.555	1	0.452	1	0.577	1
高程	0.170	3	0.141	3	0.148	4	0.086	5	0.086	4	0.113	5	0.124	4
坡度	0.129	4	0.138	4	0.156	3	0.119	3	0.155	3	0.135	4	0.139	3
坡向	0.029	7	0.034	7	0.029	8	0.032	8	0.028	8	0.027	8	0.030	8
年降水量	0.300	2	0.256	2	0.268	2	0.238	2	0.335	2	0.217	3	0.269	2
年均气温	0.068	6	0.045	6	0.051	6	0.051	6	0.037	7	0.072	6	0.054	7
人口密度	0.029	8	0.028	8	0.050	7	0.039	7	0.045	6	0.223	2	0.069	6
GDP	0.080	5	0.060	5	0.094	5	0.113	4	0.059	5	0.080	7	0.081	5

2000—2023年黄河流域山西段生态环境质量时空变化及其驱动因素

Spatiotemporal changes and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2023

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 27

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	芮东升, 毛璐, 任艳霞, 贡浩轩, 李延萍, 付志聪. 新疆相对贫困空间分布特征及障碍因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(9): 1672-1682.
[2]	徐铭璟, 段宝玲, 冯强, 吕萌. 生态系统服务及其权衡/协同关系多情景模拟——以黄河流域山西段为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(7): 1206-1219.
[3]	苗颖凤, 原野, 周正伟, 赵嘉瑜, 郭宇茜. 汾渭平原农作物种植结构时空格局演变特征研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(6): 995-1005.
[4]	刘伟, 凌红波, 公延明, 陈伏龙, 单钱娟. 基于改进型遥感生态指数的塔里木河干流生态环境质量评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(2): 271-282.
[5]	卢冬燕, 朱秀芳, 唐明秀, 郭春华, 刘婷婷. 不同温升情景下中国旱灾风险变化评估[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(3): 369-379.
[6]	王剑, 管瑶, 贺兴宏, 代云豪, 陈艺伟, 王育强, 李会文, 范德宝. 2000—2021年图木舒克市生态环境质量动态监测与评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(3): 465-473.
[7]	李世娇, 张珂珂, 谢宝妮, 王世文, 李治广. 基于遥感的库尔勒地区生态环境质量评价及成因分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(12): 2064-2074.
[8]	任贵秀, 刘凯. 黄河流域绿色创新的时空演化特征及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(1): 158-169.
[9]	袁宏伟, 蔡俊, 章磊. 国家重点生态功能区人类活动与生境质量时空变化特征及空间效应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(6): 934-948.
[10]	陈勉为, 冯丹, 张仕凯, 江雨, 张新兰. 基于RSEI和ANN-CA-Markov模型的伊宁市生态环境质量动态监测及预测研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(6): 911-921.
[11]	董建红, 张志斌, 刘奔腾, 张新红. “三生”空间视角下西北地区生态环境质量分异机制的地理探测[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(4): 515-526.
[12]	韩艳莉,于德永,陈克龙,杨海镇. 2000—2018年青海湖流域气温和降水量变化趋势空间分布特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(4): 999-1009.
[13]	孙健武,高军波,马志飞,喻超,张欣怡. 不同地理环境下“空间贫困陷阱”分异机制比较——基于大别山与黄土高原的实证[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(2): 650-659.
[14]	黄越,程静,王鹏. 中国北方农牧交错区生态脆弱性时空演变格局与驱动因素——以盐池县为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(4): 1175-1185.
[15]	李雨欣,薛东前,马蓓蓓,董朝阳. 黄土高原地区农村贫困空间演化及偏远特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(2): 534-543.