近45 a来我国防沙治沙研究主要进展演变及展望——基于Citespace的文献可视化分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.336

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

防沙治沙是我国当前“三北”工程建设的主攻方向，是筑牢西部生态安全屏障的重要举措。为推进防沙治沙关键技术研究，支撑荒漠化综合防治和“三北”等重点生态工程建设，基于Citespace软件及传统文献归纳方法，梳理了三北工程实施45 a来我国防沙治沙研究成果，对防沙治沙研究文献总体特征、热点演变、存在问题与研究不足等进行了分析。分析发现：（1）防沙治沙相关的中英文发文总量持续增长，国际影响力逐渐增强，研究具有多学科、交叉性等特点。（2）近45 a来经历了1978—2000、2001—2012、2013—2023年3个时段的演变，一阶段重点关注土地沙漠化成因、土地退化动态的辨识；二阶段重点关注人工固沙造林等人类行为活动对防沙治沙所产生的成效评价；三阶段重点关注产业化治沙和自然修复等实现沙化土地治理的可持续发展研究。（3）研究内容主要包括了土地沙漠化驱动因素及其机理、治理措施与模式、政策与法律法规、防沙治沙理念演变4方面。（4）当下的研究面临着流沙快速固定、治沙新材料新技术新模式、生物多样性保护、生态服务功能价值化、沙产业发展、政策机制等方面的问题，未来需要从土地利用及其设计、治沙装备研发、沙产业与生态产品开发、政策机制完善、治沙关键技术创新和推广等多方面进行探索。

关键词: 防沙治沙, 荒漠化防治, Citespace, 热点演变, “三北”工程

Abstract:

Desertification prevention and control is the main direction of implementation of China’s Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP) and is the key measure toward building a strong ecological shield in western China. To promote the research on the key techniques in desertification prevention and control, and support comprehensive prevention and control, and construct key ecological projects such as TNSFP, the existing findings in this field over 45 years since the implementation of TNSFP were reviewed by using Citespace and traditional literature induction. In addition, the overall characteristics, hotspot evolution, existing problems, and lacunae in the relevant literature were analyzed. Several conclusions were drawn. (1) The number of Chinese and English language papers on desertification prevention and control has been increasing continuously, and its international influence has been gradually enhanced. Such research is characterized by its multidisciplinary and cross-cutting nature. (2) During the last 45 years, such research has gone through three stages: 1978—2000, 2001—2012, and 2013—2023. In the first stage, the focus was on the causes of desertification and the dynamics of land degradation, and the technical model and countermeasures of desertification control. In the second stage, the focus was on ways to effectively implement desertification prevention and control via artificial sand fixation and afforestation. The third stage dealt with the sustainable development of desertification control, such as industrialized desertification control and natural restoration. (3) The research content mainly covers the driving factors and mechanism of desertification, control measures and models, policies and legal regulations, and changes in the ideas on the control of desertification. (4) Research on the causes of desertification has changed from qualitative analysis to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Monitoring of desertification has changed from a local to a cross-regional, cross-national, and cross-continental process and from a static to a dynamic and real-time process. The technical mode of desertification control changed from comparative research to comprehensive applied research. The focus has shifted from using a single technique to integrating multiple techniques and from only attending to wind-proof and sand-fixing benefits to noting their comprehensive effects. Ideas regarding desertification prevention and control are affected by economic, social, and ecological factors, and their evolutionary route encompasses replacing crops with trees or grass, working toward sustainable development, adopting a scientific approach to development, and applying Xi Jinping’s ecological thoughts. (5) Lastly, the current research deals with the rapid fixation of quicksand, new materials and techniques (models) for desertification control, biodiversity protection, realizing the value of ecological services, sand industry development and its policies, and so on. Future research should explore land use and its design, research and development of desertification control equipment and techniques, service function evaluation and exploration, policy improvement, and innovations in the key techniques for desertification control and promotion of these innovations.

Key words: desertification prevention and control, desertification combating, Citespace, hot spot evolution, Three-North Shelter Forest Program(TNSFP)

王新友, 马全林. 近45 a来我国防沙治沙研究主要进展演变及展望——基于Citespace的文献可视化分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(2): 234-246.

WANG Xinyou, MA Quanlin. Citespace-based literature visualization analysis of the hotspots in the research on desertification prevention and control over the last 45 years and its future prospect[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(2): 234-246.

图/表 4

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