Spatiotemporal variations of vegetation in the Ili River Basin from 2000 to 2022
Received date: 2023-09-10
Revised date: 2023-12-16
Online published: 2024-05-30
The Ili River Basin, spanning China and Kazakhstan, features a delicate ecological environment. Understanding the vegetation changes throughout the basin is essential for the region’s sustainable development. This study analyzed spatiotemporal vegetation variations in the Ili River Basin from 2000 to 2022, utilizing enhanced vegetation index data from MODIS. We examined vegetation change disparities within and outside China’s portion of the basin, among various vegetation types, and across different elevations. Our findings reveal: (1) Since 2000, vegetation conditions have generally improved across the Ili River Basin, notably in Kazakhstan, whereas a decline was observed within China. Degraded regions are predominantly at elevations between 1000 m and 3000 m. Grasslands and croplands exhibited positive trends, in contrast to forests. (2) Over the past 20 years, the Ili River Basin experienced minor vegetation fluctuations, with more pronounced variations within China. Grasslands encountered higher fluctuations compared to croplands and forests, and the 2500 m to 3000 m elevation range showed relatively stable vegetation. (3) Future projections indicate a prevailing positive trend in vegetation across the Ili River Basin, with approximately 52% of the areas expected to see ongoing improvement. Grasslands are anticipated to have higher improvement ratios than croplands and forests. Regions below 1000 m and above 3000 m in elevation are likely to experience sustained positive changes. This study’s insights into vegetation dynamics will inform ecological protection strategies in the Ili River Basin.
Key words： MODIS EVI; change trend; sustainability; the Ili River Basin
LI Yaqian , YANG Jianhua , XIA Haobin , WU Jianjun . Spatiotemporal variations of vegetation in the Ili River Basin from 2000 to 2022[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024 , 47(5) : 741 -752 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.480
| [1] | Du Z Q, Zhang X Y, Xu X M, et al. Quantifying influences of physiographic factors on temperate dryland vegetation, northwest China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7: 40092, doi: 10.1038/srep40092. |
| [2] | Sun W Y, Song X Y, Mu X M, et al. Spatiotemporal vegetation cover variations associated with climate change and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau[J]. Agricultural Forest Meteorology, 2015, 209-210: 87-99. |
| [3] | Berveglieri A, Imai N N, Christovam L E, et al. Analysis of trends and changes in the successional trajectories of tropical forest using the Landsat NDVI time series[J]. Remote Sensing Applications Society, 2021, 24: 100622, doi: 10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100622. |
| [4] | Huete A, Didan K, Miura T, et al. Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2002, 83(1-2): 195-213. |
| [5] | Asif I, Soe W M, Wang C Y. Examining the ecosystem health and sustainability of the world’s largest mangrove forest using multi-temporal MODIS products[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 569-570: 1241-1254. |
| [6] | 廖成浩, 曾艳, 姚昆, 等. 江西植被EVI时空动态监测及驱动因素分析[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 44(5): 981-989. |
| [Liao Chenghao, Zeng Yan, Yao Kun, et al. Spatio-temporal dynamic monitoring and driving factor analysis of vegetation EVI in Jiangxi Province[J]. Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2022, 44(5): 981-989. ] | |
| [7] | 阮惠华, 许剑辉, 张菲菲. 2001—2020年粤港澳大湾区植被和地表温度时空变化研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(8): 1510-1520. |
| [Ruan Huihua, Xu Jianhui, Zhang Feifei, et al. Spatiotemporal changes of vegetation and land surface temperature during 2001 and 2020 in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of China[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2022, 31(8): 1510-1520. ] | |
| [8] | Qiu B W, Zeng C Y, Tang Z H, et al. Characterizing spatiotemporal non-stationarity in vegetation dynamics in China using MODIS EVI dataset[J]. Environmental Monitoring, 2013, 185: 9019-9035. |
| [9] | Gu Z N, Zhang Z, Yang J H, et al. Quantifying the influences of driving factors on vegetation EVI changes using structural equation model: A case study in Anhui Province, China[J]. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14(17): 4203, doi: 10.3390/rs14174203. |
| [10] | Pueppke S G, Nurtazin S T, Graham N A, et al. Central Asia’s Ili River ecosystem as a wicked problem: Unraveling complex interrelationships at the interface of water, energy, and food[J]. Water, 2018, 10(5): 541, doi: 10.3390/w10050541. |
| [11] | 孙国军, 李卫红, 朱成刚, 等. 2000—2015年伊犁河谷植被覆盖时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(6): 1551-1558. |
| [Sun Guojun, Li Weihong, Zhu Chenggang, et al. Spatial-temporal characteristics of vegetation cover in Ili River Valley from 2000 to 2015[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(6): 1551-1558. ] | |
| [12] | 王倩, 杨太保, 杨雪梅. 伊犁河流域归一化植被指数的时空变化及其对气候的季节响应[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 52(4): 466-474. |
| [Wang Qian, Yang Taibao, Yang Xuemei, et al. The spatio-temporal changes of normalized difference vegetation index and its response to seasonal climate in Ili River Basin[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2016, 52(4): 466-474. ] | |
| [13] | 闫俊杰, 乔木, 周宏飞, 等. 基于MODIS/NDVI的新疆伊犁河谷植被变化[J]. 干旱区地理, 2013, 36(3): 512-519. |
| [Yan Junjie, Qiao Mu, Zhou Hongfei, et al. Vegetation dynamics in Ili River valley of Xingjiang based on MODIS/NDVI[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2013, 36(3): 512-519. ] | |
| [14] | Jiao W, Chen Y N, Li W H, et al. Estimation of net primary productivity and its driving factors in the Ili River valley, China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2018, 10(5): 781-793. |
| [15] | 张潇, 夏自强, 郭利丹, 等. 1960—2010年巴尔喀什湖流域干湿特征分析[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(6): 1118-1128. |
| [Zhang Xiao, Xia Ziqiang, Guo Lidan, et al. Analysis of aridity-wetness characteristics in the Balkhash Lake Basin from 1960 to 2010[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(6): 1118-1128. ] | |
| [16] | 叶佰生, 赖祖铭, 施雅风. 气候变化对天山伊犁河上游河川径流的影响[J]. 冰川冻土, 1996, 18(1): 31-38. |
| [Ye Baisheng, Lai Zuming, Shi Yafeng, et al. The effect of climate change on runoff in the Yili River in the Tianshan Mountains[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1996, 18(1): 31-38. ] | |
| [17] | Meng X Y, Gao X, Li S Y, et al. Spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation NDVI changes and the driving forces in Mongolia during 1982—2015[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(4): 603, doi: 10.3390/rs12040603. |
| [18] | Yu X, Xie J C, Jiang R G, et al. Spatiotemporal variation and predictability of vegetation coverage in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region, China[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2021, 145: 47-62. |
| [19] | He Y, Pflugmacher D, Li A, et al. Land use and land cover change in Inner Mongolia: Understanding the effects of China’s re-vegetation programs[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2018, 204: 918-930. |
| [20] | Jiang L L, Jiapaer G, Bao A M, et al. Vegetation dynamics and responses to climate change and human activities in Central Asia[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 599: 967-980. |
| [21] | Jiang W G, Yuan L H, Wang W J, et al. Spatio-temporal analysis of vegetation variation in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2015, 51: 117-126. |
| [22] | Mann H B. Non-parametric tests against trend[J]. Econometrica, 1945, 13(3): 245-259. |
| [23] | 陈淑君, 许国昌, 吕志平, 等. 中国植被覆盖度时空演变及其对气候变化和城市化的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(5): 742-752. |
| [Chen Shujun, Xu Guochang, Lü Zhiping, et al. Spatiotemporal variations of fractional vegetation cover and its response to climate change and urbanization in China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(5): 742-752. ] | |
| [24] | Rao A R, Bhattacharya D. Comparison of Hurst exponent estimates in hydrometeorological time series[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 1999, 4(3): 225-231. |
| [25] | Mandelbrot B B, Wallis J R. Robustness of the rescaled range R/S in the measurement of noncyclic long run statistical dependence[J]. Water Resources Research, 2010, 5(5): 967-988. |
| [26] | 梁爽, 张吴平, 毕如田, 等. 山西省植被NPP时空变化特征及其驱动力分析[J]. 广西植物, 2018, 38(8): 1005-1014. |
| [Liang Shuang, Zhang Wuping, Bi Rutian, et al. Variation characteristics of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors in Shanxi Province[J]. Guihaia, 2018, 38(8): 1005-1014. ] | |
| [27] | 赵俊红, 周华荣, 卢雅焱, 等. 2000—2015年塔里木胡杨林国家级自然保护区NPP时空动态特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(1): 190-200. |
| [Zhao Junhong, Zhou Huarong, Lu Yayan, et al. Temporal-spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the vegetation net primary production in the National Nature Reserve of Populus euphratica in Tarim from 2000 to 2015[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(1): 190-200. ] | |
| [28] | 王常顺, 汪诗平. 植物叶片性状对气候变化的响应研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(2): 206-216. |
| [Wang Changshun, Wang Shiping. A review of research on responses of leaf traits to climate change[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(2): 206-216. ] | |
| [29] | 王洪亮, 冯爱萍, 高彦华, 等. 伊犁河流域最大植被覆盖度的时空动态变化[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2018, 41(6): 161-167. |
| [Wang Hongliang, Feng Aiping, Gao Yanhua, et al. Temporal-spatial dynamic change on maximum vegetation coverage degree of Ili River Basin[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018, 41(6): 161-167. ] | |
| [30] | Qi J G, Tao S Q, Pueppke S G, et al. Changes in land use/land cover and net primary productivity in the transboundary Ili-Balkhash Basin of Central Asia, 1995—2015[J]. Environmental Research Communications, 2019, 2(1): 011006, doi: 10.1088/2515-7620/ab5e1f. |
| [31] | 阿依丁·热西坦, 阿斯娅·曼力克, 贠静, 等. 伊犁河谷草地资源利用现状及可持续利用对策[J]. 草学, 2021(3): 78-81, 86. |
| [Rexitan Ayiding, Manlike Asiya, Yun Jing, et al. Current situation and sustainable utilization countermeasures of grassland resources in Ili River Valley[J]. Journal of Grassland and Forage Science, 2021(3): 78-81, 86. ] | |
| [32] | Luo L, Du W P, Yan H M, et al. Spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation change in Kazakhstan from 1982 to 2015[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2017, 8(4): 378-384. |
| [33] | Wen X, Yan H M, Xie X P, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics analysis of grassland ecosystem pressure in Kazakhstan[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2019, 10(6): 667-675. |
| [34] | 李吉玫, 徐海量, 宋郁东, 等. 伊犁河流域水资源承载力的综合评价[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2007, 21(3): 39-43. |
| [Li Jimei, Xu Hailiang, Song Yudong, et al. Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in Yili Rive[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2007, 21(3): 39-43. ] | |
| [35] | Zhou Y, Zhang L, Xiao J F, et al. Spatiotemporal transition of institutional and socioeconomic impacts on vegetation productivity in Central Asia over last three decades[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 658: 922-935. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
