塔克拉玛干沙漠河湖相沉积平原风蚀地貌发育的外营力作用机制

Abstract

Abstract: Fluvial-lacustrine deposit is a kind of consolidation sediments that is one important geological basis for erosion landform. The erosion landform developed on alluvial plains composed of fluvial-lacustrine deposits is widely distributed. But its relevant studies, especially about the development process of erosion landform are very less. Based on the field survey information, theoretical analysis and some relevant articles, this paper comprehensively analyzed the exogenic forces action mechanism in the development process of erosion landform on alluvial plains composed of fluvial-lacustrine deposits in the Taklimakan Desert. The results show as the following:(1) These main exogenic forces including weathering, running water, aeolian erosion and gravity drive the erosion landform development on alluvial plains composed of fluvial-lacustrine deposits in the Taklimakan Desert. (2) Because aeolian activities in the Taklimkan Desert occur very frequent, so aeolian erosion plays a leading role in erosion landform development. (3)At the same time, weathering, running water and gravity also play important roles. Some records of summer strong rainfall events in the Taklimakan Desert indicate that the function of running water in erosion landform development can't be neglected. Rain infiltration and soil cracks, main weathering forms, loosen the surface soil structure, smash sediments to pieces, and make soil be eroded easily. Moreover, all these exogenic forces have different importance in different stages of erosion landform development. But they work co-operatively and mutually reinforce. Wind erosion breakthroughs can develop under aeolian erosion together with weathering and running water in the initial stage. A series of erosion landforms, including deflation furrow, wind erosion groove, blowout pit, wind erosion depression, erosion platform, wind erosion residual pier, and wind erosion plain, can rapidly develop under aeolian erosion together with gravity and weathering in the rest of stages. Sand wedges, composed of sand particles deposited in the wedge-shaped space of soil cracks, are of great importance in erosion landform development. Rainwater flows into sand wedges and is adsorbed by sand. Due to good penetrability of sand deposits, water can infiltrate quickly without evaporation loss and reach the bottoms of cracks. The deep soil can be destroyed by soil expansion of wetting and unfreezing; soil cracks widen and extend into deep soil further. Lateral erosion and undercutting are the main forms of wind erosion as well as sheet erosion, they make the sediments hang up. Lateral erosion, undercutting and sand wedges provide good conditions for gravity collapse and accelerate the negative erosion landform development on the sediments with nonhomogeneous texture. Collapse diluvium also can slow down the speed of wind erosion landform development.(4) The morphological characteristics of erosion landform depend on the special exogenic forces combination and the interbedded sedimentary structure of alluvial plains, namely, compact sediment and soft sediments are distributed in turn in vertical profile.

Key words: Erosion landform, Exogenic forces, Fluviallacustrine deposits, Taklimakan Desert

CLC Number:

P931

LI Shengyu，GU Feng，WANG Haifeng，PANG Yingjun，，MU Guijin，LEI Jiaqiang，LIU Xiaolu，ZHANG Zhongliang，YAN Jian. Exogenic forces action mechanism in the development processof erosion landform on alluvial plains composed offluviallacustrine deposits in the Taklimakan Desert[J]., 2012, 35(03): 358-364.

References

ABRAHAMS A D，PARSONS A．Geomorphology of desert environments〔M〕．London：Chapman and Hall，1994．

鲁瑞洁，哈斯，岳兴玲，等．第四纪风沙环境证据的研究进展〔J〕．地理科学进展，2004，23（3）：82-90．

HEDIN S A，BEALBY J T．Central Asia and Tibet towards the Holy City of Lassa〔M〕．New York：Greenwood Press，1970．

STEIN M A．Exploration in central Asia〔J〕．Geographical Journal，1909，34：5-36．

BEADNELL H J L．Lake basins created by wind erosion 〔J〕．Journal of [HJ1.95mm]Geology，1909，3：47-49．

MELTON F A．A tentative classification of sand dunes：its application to dune history in the southern high plain 〔J 〕．Journal of Geology，1940，48：113-174．

MCKEE E D．世界沙海的研究〔M〕．赵兴梁，译．银川：宁夏人民出版社，1993:178-234．

WARD A W，Greeley R．Evolution of the Yardangs at Rogers lake，California〔J〕．Bulletin of the Geological Society of America，1984，95（7）：829-837．

WHITNEY M I．The role of vorticity in developing lineation by wind erosion 〔J〕．Bulletin of the Geological Society of America，1978，89（1）：1-18．

MCCAULEY J F，WARD A W，BREED C S，et al．The Yardangs at Rogers dry lake，California 〔J〕．Geological Society of America，1977，9（7）：150-152．

EMBABI N S．Playas of the Western Desert，Egypt 〔J〕．Ann Acad Sci Fenn GeolGeog ，1999，160：5-47．

BROOKES I A．Aeolian erosional lineations in the Libyan Desert，Dakhla Region，Egypt 〔J〕．Geomorphology，2001，39（3）：189-209．

CARTER R W G，HESP P A，NORDSTROM K．Erosional Landforms in Coastal Dunes〔C〕 ∥Coastal Dunes：Form and Process．Chichester Sussex：Wiley，1990：217-252．

HESP P A，HYDE R．Flow dynamics and geomorphology of a trough blowout 〔J〕．Sedimentology，1996，43（3）：505-525．

张德平，王效科，哈斯，等．呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑研究（1）形态、分类、研究意义〔J〕．中国沙漠，2006，26（6）：894-902．

ZHANG A M，FENG Z W，WANG X K，et al．Sandy grassland blowouts in Hulunbuir，Northeast China：geomorphology，distribution，and causes 〔J〕．Progress in Natural Science，2007，17（1）：68-73．

牛清河，屈建军，李孝泽，等．雅丹地貌研究评述与展望〔J〕．地球科学进展，2011，26（05）：516-527．

吴正．塔克拉玛干沙漠的成因探讨〔J〕．地理学报，1981，36（3）：280-291．

陈广庭，冯起．塔里木盆地沙漠石油公路沿线风沙环境的形成与演变〔M〕．北京：中国环境科学出版社，1997:3-9，63-67．

朱震达．塔克拉玛干沙漠风沙地貌研究〔M〕．北京：科学出版社，1981:29-31．

朱震达．中国沙漠概论（修订版）〔M〕．北京：科学出版社出版，1980：84．

李丙文，张洪江，邱永志，等．咸水灌溉对塔里木沙漠公路防护林植物生长的影响〔J〕．干旱区地理，2011，34（2）：215-221．

范敬龙，徐新文，李生宇，等．塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地潜水水位对单井抽水的响应〔J〕．干旱区地理，2010，33（1）：16-22．

何兴东．塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地天然植被调查研究〔J〕．中国沙漠，1997，17（2）：144-148．

胡玉昆，潘伯荣．塔克拉玛干沙漠公路沿线植被及特点〔J〕．干旱区研究，1996，13（4）：9-14．

张鸿义，门国发．塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地第四纪地层划分与环境变迁〔J〕．新疆地质，2002，20（3）：256-261．

中国科学院塔克拉玛干沙漠综合科学考察队．塔克拉玛干沙漠地区土壤和土地资源〔M〕．北京：科学出版社，1994：30．

夏训诚．罗布泊地区雅丹地貌的成因〔C〕//中国科学院新疆分院罗布泊综合科学考察队．罗布泊科学考察与研究．北京：科学出版社，1987：52-59．

朱震达．中国沙漠、沙漠化、荒漠化及其治理对策〔M〕．北京：中国环境出版社，1999：113-115．

何清，杨兴华，艾力·买买提明，等．塔中地区土壤风蚀的影响因子分析〔J〕．干旱区地理，2010，33（4）：502-508．

李生宇，雷加强，徐新文，等．塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴特征——以塔中地区为例〔J〕．自然灾害学报，2006，15（2）：14-19．

[1]	CHEN Jingping, YU Ziying, YANG Fan, WANG Mi, HU Han, DING Xuan, GAO Xin, WANG Xin. Effect of sandstorms on surface particle size variation of barchan dunes in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(12): 1995-2004.
[2]	TANG Min,ZHANG Feng,SHI Qingdong. Variations in groundwater table depth at Daliyaboyi Oasis, Keriya River, China [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(1): 80-88.
[3]	ZHANG Feng,XIA Qianqian,Dilibaier Tuersun,LIU Jianzong. Holocene hydrology and environment changes in the Keriya River Delta in 13.8-2.3 ka in Taklimakan Desert: Inferred from the stratigraphy [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(1): 178-187.
[4]	SUN Xiao-yun, FANG Yan-jie, ZHAO Jing-feng, HE Qing, ZHOU Jie. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of sand drift potential in Taklimakan Desert [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(1): 38-47.
[5]	MA Yu-fen, PAN Hong-lin, ZHANG Hai-liang, LIU Jun-jian, LI Man, DU Juan. Applicability validation and evaluation of AIRS retrievals in the Taklimakan Desert [J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(5): 908-922.
[6]	ZHAI Hao-ming, SHI Jing. Ecological forestry eficiency analysis and development path of edge area of Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2017, 40(2): 462-468.
[7]	ZHAO Zhan-cheng, DING Guo-feng, Arken. Eastern edge of the Taklimakan Desert rainfall diurnal variation [J]. , 2016, 39(6): 1182-1185.
[8]	ZHAO Zhan-cheng, DING Guo-feng, Arken. Eastern edge of the Taklimakan Desert rainfall diurnal variation [J]. , 2016, 39(6): 1182-1185.
[9]	ZHAO Yuan-jie, CHE Gao-hong, LIU Hui, ZENG Jia, XIA Xun-cheng. C and N content in organic matter of Tamarix cone and climatic and environmental change in southern region of Taklimakan desert [J]. , 2016, 39(3): 461-467.
[10]	ZENG Jia，GUO Feng，ZHAO Can，SUN Zeng-ying，ZHAO Yuan-jie. Climate change of small oases in the southern margin of Taklimakan Desert in recent 50 years [J]. , 2014, 37(5): 948-957.
[11]	WANG Ning-bo，LI Sheng-yu，WANG Hai-feng，XU Xin-wen，JIA Wen-yu，ZHANG Zhong-liang，TIAN Ye. Spatial variation and formation mechanism of dune morphology in the dominant wind direction on interdune corridors of complex ridges in central Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2014, 37(1): 89-96.
[12]	PENG Shou-lan，ZENG Fan-jiang，LIU Bo，ZHANG Li-gang，LUO Wei-cheng，SONG Cong，Stefan K. Arndt，PENG Hui-qing. Water physiological characteristics of introduced plants under extreme drought conditions in Cele Oasis [J]. , 2013, 36(3): 457-466.
[13]	YAN Kun，LI Sheng-yu，LEI Jia-qiang，WANG Hai-feng，SUN Cong，YAN Feng-shuo，LI Chun. Characteristics of surface energy exchange in the artificial shelter forest land of the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2013, 36(3): 433-440.
[14]	ZHU Juntao,,,LI Xiangyi,,ZHANG Ximing,,LIN Lisha,,YANG Shanggong,. Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics of three species growing at the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2012, 35(01): 171-176.
[15]	DOU Kai-ge，WANG Yong-dong，LEI Jia-qiang，ZHAO Ying，JIA Meng-meng，SHEN Fang-yu. Salt distribution characteristics of Taklimakan Desert highway shelterbelt under saline water drip-irrigation [J]. , 2008, 38(3): 576-584.

Exogenic forces action mechanism in the development processof erosion landform on alluvial plains composed offluviallacustrine deposits in the Taklimakan Desert

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0