Abstract: In this paper，we have researched by using the Dryness and wetness grades series of near 500 years of 120 observing stations in China and 97 ELNINO phenomena in the same time. We have found that，while ELNINO outbreak，flood-waterlogging easily occur in the Changjiang River valley and the east of Northeast China，and the drought always take place in the north of Northern China，the east of Inner mongolia and the north of Qinghai-Xizang plateau，and the Dryness and wetness damage are not evident in the south of Qinghai Xijian plateau，Hanshui River valley and Guizhou etc. The analyses of Dryness and wetness type series show that，while ELNINO phenomena occurr，it is easily appeared that north China is drought while south China is water logging，or south and north China is drought while Changjiang River valley is water logging，but the frequencies of nationwide water logging are decreased.