中国季风边缘区表土孢粉分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.059

Abstract

Abstract:

Studying the distribution characteristics of surface soil pollen in the marginal monsoon region of China and the factors influencing this distribution improves the reliability of reconstructing regional vegetation and paleo-monsoon evolution based on fossil pollen data. Through surface soil pollen analysis of 38 sampling sites with annual precipitation ranging from 30-650 mm in the marginal monsoon region of China, this study investigates the relationships among surface pollen assemblages, climate, and human activities. The results reveal that: (1) In low-altitude temperate steppe regions with a relatively warm and dry climate, Amaranthaceae and Artemisia dominate the pollen assemblages, and the ratio of Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae (A/C ratio) generally aligns with average annual precipitation. (2) In high-altitude alpine steppe and meadow regions with a relatively cold and humid climate, pollen assemblages are dominated by Cyperaceae, Asteraceae, and Poaceae. The summed percentages of Artemisia and Amaranthaceae pollen average 25.8%, and no distinctive correlation exists between the A/C ratio and average annual precipitation in these regions. (3) The total tree and shrub pollen percentages exhibit a stronger correlation with average annual temperature and the temperature of the warmest month compared to average annual precipitation. (4) These pollen assemblage characteristics reflect the vegetation distribution and hydrothermal conditions at varying altitudes in the marginal monsoon region of China. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the pollen data also reveals the distribution of pollen assemblages and major pollen types along gradients of the warmest month temperature and altitude. In addition, the high abundance of fungal spores on the soil surface in the alpine region reflects environmental characteristics associated with significant grazing intensity and a subsequent high soil erosion rate.

Key words: marginal monsoon region, surface soil pollen, vegetation, climate, grazing intensity

WU Siqi, WEI Haiqin, CHEN Chunzhu, WEI Lisi, ZHAO Wenwei, LI Huan, SUN Yi, JIANG Qingfeng, ZHANG Xiaojian, ZHAO Yan. Distribution characteristics and its influencing factors of surface soil pollen in the marginal monsoon region of China[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(1): 53-62.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Information of 38 surface soil pollen samples in the marginal monsoon region of China"

样号	省份	经度/°E	纬度/°N	海拔/m	植被类型	样号	省份	经度/°E	纬度/°N	海拔/m	植被类型
1	内蒙古	118.1916	48.1954	594	温带草原	20	青海	101.7496	35.2380	3620	高寒草甸
2	内蒙古	117.6678	44.3608	1061	温带草原	21	青海	101.5095	34.3277	3624	高寒草甸
3	内蒙古	114.0218	43.8385	1079	温带草原	22	青海	100.0912	35.4433	3251	高寒草甸
4	内蒙古	113.8248	41.8171	1474	温带草原	23	青海	99.1968	34.3466	4246	高寒草原
5	内蒙古	111.9580	41.8743	1484	温带草原	24	青海	98.6818	37.5435	3595	高寒草甸
6	内蒙古	109.5486	41.4184	1643	温带草原	25	青海	98.3203	37.3161	3498	高寒草原
7	内蒙古	109.1272	41.4311	1442	温带草原	26	青海	98.2959	34.8516	4224	高寒草甸
8	内蒙古	108.9133	41.4994	1338	温带草原	27	青海	97.3486	33.3814	4249	高寒草原
9	内蒙古	108.3732	41.7582	1451	温带草原	28	青海	96.8674	35.0698	4325	高寒草甸
10	内蒙古	108.1852	41.8837	1362	温带草原	29	青海	96.1393	34.7171	4579	高寒草甸
11	内蒙古	108.0843	41.8669	1372	温带草原	30	青海	95.2436	34.6446	4472	高寒草原
12	内蒙古	107.3315	41.7723	1498	温带草原	31	青海	93.1708	36.9647	2857	高寒荒漠
13	内蒙古	105.7014	38.3493	1563	温带草原	32	西藏	92.2592	31.5912	4591	高寒草甸
14	内蒙古	105.5002	38.1114	1487	温带草原	33	西藏	92.2586	31.5915	4590	高寒草甸
15	内蒙古	100.3784	39.8783	1325	温带荒漠	34	西藏	91.7169	31.9666	4623	高寒草甸
16	甘肃	99.4784	38.9213	3172	高寒草原	35	西藏	90.4644	29.2524	3667	高寒草原
17	甘肃	99.4784	38.9214	3170	高寒草原	36	西藏	85.4007	32.0089	4890	高寒草原
18	甘肃	100.8250	37.9754	3266	高寒灌丛草甸	37	西藏	83.8801	29.7957	4628	高寒草原
19	青海	102.1994	34.1744	3569	高寒灌木草甸	38	西藏	80.2225	31.8252	4449	高寒草原

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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气候参数	方差膨胀因子（VIF）		气候变量作为唯一预测因子	约束轴置换检验（ANOVA）
气候参数	运行1	运行2	方差解释量/%	方差解释量/%	P值
年均降水量	17.3	15.8	7.2	1.0	0.129
最热月降水量	14.0	14.0	5.2	1.1	0.089
最冷月降水量	1.8	1.6	4.0	0.8	0.158
年均气温	446.1	-	-	-	-
最热月气温	340.8	2.5	12.9	5.3	0.001
最冷月气温	97.2	1.0	0.5	0.4	0.558

Distribution characteristics and its influencing factors of surface soil pollen in the marginal monsoon region of China

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