宁夏苦水河流域地表水与地下水转化关系研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Brackish water is widely distributed in the arid and semiarid areas of northwest China. Understanding the relationship between surface water and groundwater transformation in brackish water areas is significant for promoting the rational development of brackish water resources. Taking the Kushui River Basin in Ningxia, China as the research object, this study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hydrochemistry and hydrogen-oxygen stable isotopes of surface water and groundwater using hydrogen-oxygen stable isotope technology combined with field investigation, statistical analysis, and hydrochemical analysis. The spatial and temporal variations in the conversion relationship between surface water and groundwater in the basin were systematically revealed. The following results were observed: (1) SO₄·Cl-Na·Mg is the main hydrochemical type of surface water and upstream and midstream groundwater in the Kushui River Basin. The hydrochemical formation of surface water was evaporation concentration, and the hydrochemical type of downstream groundwater was transformed into a mixed type, which was controlled by rock weathering. (2) Atmospheric precipitation has a significant recharge effect on surface water and groundwater in the wet season and has a limited recharge effect in the dry season. Climate, topography, and hydrogeological conditions controlled the upper and middle reaches of the river basin, and the relationship between surface water and groundwater showed significant differences and complexity in different river reaches and periods. The irrigation of the Yellow River obviously affected the downstream. (3) In the dry season, the areas with close hydraulic connection between surface water and groundwater are distributed in the middle and lower reaches. The water cycle mode was referred to as groundwater recharge surface water, with recharge ratios of 51.8% and 57.8%, respectively. In the wet season, the hydraulic connection between the surface water of the mainstream and the groundwater in the upper and middle reaches is weak. The downstream surface water supplied the groundwater, with a recharge ratio of 38.8%. At the same time, the downstream canal water supplied the surface water to a certain extent, with a recharge ratio of 29.8%.

Key words: brackish water, hydrogen-oxygen stable isotope, water chemistry, transforming relationship, Kushui River Basin

JI Weibo, ZHAO Yinxin, HU Bowen, YANG Lihu, GONG Liang, MA Yuxue. Transformation relationship between surface water and groundwater in Kushui River Basin of Ningxia[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(10): 1612-1621.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Characteristics of hydrochemical parameters of surface water and groundwater in different periods"

时期	类型	统计值	Ca²⁺ /mg·L^-1	Mg²⁺ /mg·L^-1	Na⁺ /mg·L^-1	K⁺ /mg·L^-1	Cl^- /mg·L^-1	$S O 4 2 -$ /mg·L^-1	$H C O 3 -$ /mg·L^-1	TDS /mg·L^-1	pH	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰
枯水期	地表水	最小值	112.20	187.40	930.00	3.93	645.10	1660.00	290.70	4.22	7.81	-73.98	-10.16
		最大值	448.30	683.50	2564.00	22.10	3611.00	3732.00	472.30	11.63	8.49	-56.88	-8.02
		平均值	233.96	391.00	1704.79	11.41	1805.09	2859.86	364.47	7.54	8.15	-66.16	-8.80
		标准差	87.42	144.34	549.99	5.47	943.70	781.55	52.85	2.46	0.18	4.05	0.54
	地下水	最小值	28.20	38.80	87.90	1.75	93.40	179.50	161.50	0.82	7.42	-75.27	-10.30
		最大值	415.50	751.60	3081.00	76.30	3286.00	5849.00	1227.00	14.23	8.35	-52.52	-7.49
		平均值	143.16	209.36	837.38	9.17	862.17	1391.23	432.43	3.91	7.81	-67.05	-9.18
		标准差	22.56	38.01	149.08	3.53	175.55	285.48	52.76	0.68	0.05	5.64	0.77
丰水期	地表水	最小值	85.50	75.00	300.00	3.70	306.30	512.00	84.20	1.56	8.10	-66.20	-9.16
		最大值	289.00	557.00	2078.00	25.80	2734.00	3828.00	364.90	8.73	8.70	-43.70	-4.35
		平均值	184.98	316.44	1412.94	12.04	1499.79	2369.56	238.24	6.11	8.36	-57.54	-7.30
		标准差	61.48	124.82	515.00	6.15	690.89	954.23	68.88	2.14	0.19	5.61	1.38
	地下水	最小值	18.10	16.70	89.00	2.06	94.20	148.00	160.40	0.83	7.62	-76.77	-11.00
		最大值	499.00	1107.00	4886.00	86.80	5814.00	8500.00	1193.00	21.05	8.21	-53.93	-7.60
		平均值	155.42	228.17	884.14	10.92	1002.80	1451.89	432.95	4.18	7.89	-65.89	-9.42
		标准差	27.65	52.79	223.57	4.05	278.10	398.32	49.55	0.97	0.04	6.22	0.88

Tab. 1

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Transformation relationship between surface water and groundwater in Kushui River Basin of Ningxia

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