基于多源遥感数据的珠峰自然保护区冰川监测研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.624

Abstract

Abstract:

Glacier mass balance is a crucial indicator of climate change and is of great significance for assessing the regional ecological environment, thereby preventing and controlling glacier disasters. Based on Landsat series images, the ratio threshold method and visual interpretation method are applied to extract the glacier boundaries of Qomolangma Nature Reserve from 1990 to 2020. Moreover, the distribution and change characteristics of the glacier area in the past 30 years are investigated while the regional glacier deformation characteristics are monitored based on SBAS-InSAR technology to invert the changes in the glacier mass balance. The following results were observed. (1) From 1990 to 2020, the glacier area in the Qomolangma Nature Reserve continuously retreated, with this trend becoming much more prevalent in the last 10 years. Moreover, the total glacier area shrank by 247.16 km² with a change rate of -18.92%. (2) The glaciers in the Qomolangma Nature Reserve were mostly situated at an altitude of 5400-6200 m and a slope of 10°-15°, and the highest ice loss occurred at an altitude of 5400-5600 m and a slope of 10°-15°. (3) In 2020, the average glacier deformation rate was between -129.069 mm·a^-1 and 140.252 mm·a^-1. The subsidence and surface deformation of glaciers are most severe at altitudes of 4200-4400 m and a slope of 40°-45°. (4) Rising temperatures and decreasing precipitation are believed to be the main causes of most glacier material losses in the Qomolangma Nature Reserve. Meanwhile, spatial climate and topographic differences may affect mass balance changes.

Key words: multi-source remote sensing, SBAS-InSAR, glaciers change, mass balance, Qomolangma Nature Reserve

JI Qin, ZHANG Cuilan, DING Yuekai, CAO Xiangqin, LIANG Wenli. Glacier monitoring in Qomolangma Nature Reserve based on multi-source remote sensing data[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(10): 1591-1601.

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References 34

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年份	行号/列号	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%	卫星/传感器
1990	142/40	1991-10-12	1.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	141/40	1988-12-15	1.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	140/40	1989-11-09	1.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	140/41	1989-11-09	5.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	139/40	1990-06-14	1.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	139/41	1990-06-14	33.00	Landsat4-5/TM
2000	142/40	2000-12-15	1.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	141/40	2000-11-22	1.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	140/40	2000-11-15	1.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	140/41	1999-04-27	17.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	139/40	2001-12-29	0.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	139/41	2000-12-26	2.00	Landsat7/ETM+
2010	142/40	2009-09-27	14.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	141/40	2010-12-12	1.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	140/40	2009-11-08	1.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	140/41	2012-12-02	4.00	Landsat7/ETM+
	139/40	2010-04-18	4.00	Landsat4-5/TM
	139/41	2012-10-08	5.00	Landsat7/ETM+
2020	142/40	2020-10-11	2.43	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS
	141/40	2020-10-20	4.24	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS
	140/40	2020-10-29	1.22	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS
	140/41	2020-10-29	3.65	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS
	139/40	2020-10-22	0.21	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS
	139/41	2020-10-22	10.62	Landsat8/OLI_TIRS

参数	Sentinel-1
波段	C
产品类型	SLC
成像模式	IW Mode
极化方式	VV
轨道方向	升轨
距离向分辨率/m	5
方位向分辨率/m	20
影像开始到结束日期	2020年1月1日—2020年12月26日

年份	总面积/km²	缓冲区/km²	误差率/%
1990	1306.31	78.75	6.03
2000	1294.82	80.49	6.22
2010	1231.31	69.67	5.66
2020	1059.15	72.24	6.82

年份	总面积 /km²	变化量 /km²	面积变化率 /%	年均变化率 /%·a^-1
1990	1306.31	-	-	-
2000	1294.82	-11.48	-0.88	-0.09
2010	1231.31	-63.51	-4.90	-0.49
2020	1059.15	-172.17	-13.98	-1.40
总计	-	-247.16	-18.92	-0.63

区域选取	平均值/mm	标准差/mm	均方根误差/mm
Ⅰ	1.58	0.77	0.16
Ⅱ	-1.25	0.77	0.16
Ⅲ	3.42	0.78	0.17
Ⅳ	-0.50	0.78	0.17

Glacier monitoring in Qomolangma Nature Reserve based on multi-source remote sensing data

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