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干旱区地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 275-286.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.112 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025112

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

乌兰布和沙漠东北缘人工梭梭林健康程度分级评价研究

闫敏1,2(), 王佳1, 左合君1,2, 高君亮3, 张丽华4, 席成1, 柴茵超1, 左韬1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    3.中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015200
    4.内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市磴口县林业和草原局,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015200
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-04 修回日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 作者简介:闫敏(1992-),男,副教授,主要从事荒漠化防治、交通线路沙害/风吹雪害防治、生态恢复等方面的研究. E-mail: ym5233@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业和草原局“三北”工程攻坚战关键技术研发揭榜挂帅项目(202401-03-02);内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划沙漠沙地生态保护与治理技术创新团队(NMGIRT2408);荒化防治与沙区资源保护利用创新团队(BR241301)

Health grading evaluation of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forests on the northeast edge of Ulan Buh Desert

YAN Min1,2(), WANG Jia1, ZUO Hejun1,2, GAO Junliang3, ZHANG Lihua4, XI Cheng1, CHAI Yinchao1, ZUO Tao1   

  1. 1. College of Desert Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Aeolian Sand Physics and Sand Control Engineering in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
    3. Desert Forestry Experimental Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bayannur 015200, Inner Mongolia, China
    4. Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Dengkou County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Bayannur 015200, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2025-03-04 Revised:2025-04-09 Published:2026-02-25 Online:2026-02-27

摘要:

人工梭梭林是乌兰布和沙漠东北缘中分布最广、面积最大的防风固沙林,准确评估其健康状况,对于保障生态防护功能和实施精准修复至关重要。以“分区-分类-分级”为框架构建健康评价体系,通过生态学调查和组合赋权TOPSIS模型对乌兰布和沙漠东北缘人工梭梭林健康状况进行定量评价。结果表明:(1) 构建以林分结构-群落结构-环境条件-健康风险为准则层的健康评价体系可以准确评估乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭林健康程度,土壤含水率、新生枝条长、死亡率、枯梢率、病虫害因素对健康评价贡献度较大。(2) 乌兰布和沙漠东北缘人工梭梭林整体处于中度退化状态,并呈现向重度退化发展的趋势。(3) 退化现象是由水分条件异常、土壤有机质含量低、病虫害频发以及养护管理不足等多方面因素共同作用导致。研究结果为该区域人工梭梭林的生态保护和修复提供了科学依据,旨在为“三北”工程退化林的健康评估以及分级修复提供参考思路。

关键词: 梭梭, 健康评价, 组合赋权法, TOPSIS模型, 乌兰布和沙漠东北

Abstract:

Artificial forests of Haloxylon ammodendron are the largest windbreak and sand-fixing forests widely used in the northeast edge of the Ulan Buh Desert, China. An accurate assessment of the health status of this forest is crucial for ensuring its functioning, ecological protection, and implementing precise restoration methods. A quantitative health evaluation system based on the framework of “zoning classification grading” involving eco-surveys and a combination of weighted technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models, was applied. The results revealed that constructing a health evaluation system based on forest and community structure, environmental conditions, and health risks as the criterion layer can ensure accurate estimations. The contribution of factors such as soil moisture content, length of newly formed branches, mortality rate, shoot withering rate, and pests and diseases to such a system is significant. These artificial forests are generally in a moderately degraded state and may progress toward severe degradation. This phenomenon is a result of a combination of factors, including abnormal soil hydration conditions, low soil organic matter content, frequent occurrence of pest infestations and diseases, and inadequate maintenance and management. These results can provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection and restoration of artificial H. ammodendron forests in the region, as well as references for health assessments and the graded restoration of deteriorated forests as a part of the “Three North” project.

Key words: Haloxylon ammodendron, health assessment, combination weighting method, TOPSIS model, northeast of Ulan Buh Desert